Table 2.
Examples of domestic resources of some imported drugs.
| Physicochemical indexes | Imported drugs | Domestic resources | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Styrax benzoin | S. macrothtyrsus, S. subniveus, S. hypoglauca | The clinical application proves that domestic benzoin has the same effect as imported one, and importing is stopped presently. | |
| total balsamic acid (calculated by alcoholic extract) | 26%−35% | 25.17%−31.46% | |
| Strychnos nux-vomica | S. wallichiana | S. wallichiana has been used for drug production. We have also analyzed many Chinese species of Strychnos. | |
| total alkaloid | 2%−5% | 2.19% | |
| strychnine | 1%−1.4% | 1.34% | |
| Acacia senegal | farnesiana, A. decurrens, A. decurrns var. mollis | It is proved that most of the domestic gum can be used clinically. | |
| viscosity of tree gum (centistoke) | 1.4855 | 1.0881–1.7818 | |
| suspension force measurement (hr) | 40 | 24–64 | |
| emulsifying properties | qualified | superior to or close to Arabic gum | |
| appearance | Picrorrhiza kurroa α(dark brown)-γ-(light gray, yellow and black) | P. scrophulariae α(dark brown)-γ-(light gray, yellow and black) | P. scrophulariae has been used for drug production |
| alcohol extract content | 45.96% | 44.21%;49.20% | |
| water extract content | 36.98% | 35.05%;37.82% | |
| bitter ratio | 60 | 60 | |
| Hydrocarpus anthelmintica | H. hainanensis | According to the physicochemical properties and seed morphology, there is little difference between domestic and imported Hydrocarpus, which needs further clinical confirmation. | |
| oil content | shelled kernel 45.36% | shelled kernel 44.96% | |
| oil freezing point | yellow oily liquid at room temperature | white solid at room temperature | |
| iodine value | 84.74 | 76.29 | |
| specific gravity | 0.809 | 0.928 | |
| refractive index (20 °C) | 1.4786 | 1.4758 | |
| coloring reaction of gynocardia oil | ①a few drops of oil+ one drop of trichloroacetic acid and 4 drops of HCl; slight heat and show blue color | ① also blue | |
| ②a few drops of oil+5 drops of glacial acetic acid and HCl (9:1); heated slightly, dark blue | ② dark blue | ||
| ③1 ml oil+H2SO4; first red-brown, then olive-green | ③ first red-brown, then olive-green | ||
| Ferula asafoetida | F. sinkiangensis | F. sinkiangensis has been used for drug production | |
| alkali addition after grinding with water | orange-yellow emulsion, yellowish-green emulsion with alkali | white emulsion, yellow emulsion with alkali | |
| alcohol extract with a few drops of phloroglucin and concentrated HCl | pink, but a little deep | pink | |
| umbelliferone reaction | blue fluorescence | blue fluorescence | |
| volatile oil content | 6%−17% | 17.5%−18.5% | |
| sulfur content | 17%−38% | 20.6% | |
| specific gravity (20 °C) | 0.906–0.973 | 0.974 | |
| refractive index (20 °C) | 1.493–1.518 | 1.529 |