Table 2.
Characteristics of included studies.
| Study ID | Country | Study design | Total patients consented/total tested | Follow up | MRI method | Test done | Adjustment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Xia et al. (2020) | China | Cohort Study | MCI: 191/41 | 7 years | 1.5-Tesla GE/3.0-Tesla GE MRI scanner T1-WI, T2-WI, FLAIR |
MMSE AVLT HOMT COST TMT |
Age, sex, interval, education, ApoE e4 carrier |
| Müller et al. (2020) | Swedish | Cohort Study | Dementia: 212/16 | 6 years | 1.5T MRI scanner (Philips Intera, The Netherlands) T1-WI, T2-WI, FLAIR |
MMSE | Age, sex, and education |
| Burke et al. (2019) | USA | Cohort Study | MCI: 483/45 Dementia: 211/49 | 3 years | T1-WI, T2-WI, FLAIR | CDR | Age, CDR global score, and neuropsychiatric symptoms, White non-Hispanic race and CDR global score |
| Xiong et al. (2018) | China | Cohort Study | Dementia: 158/53 | 14 years | 1.5 T MR scan (Siemens Healthcare, Magnetom Avanto, Erlange, Germany) T1-WI, T2-WI, FLAIR |
BDS CDR |
/ |
| Lopez et al. (2018) | USA | Cohort Study | Dementia: 183/23 | 5.7 years | GE Signa 1.5T scanner T1-WI, T2-WI, FLAIR | MMSE | / |
| Bangen et al. (2018) | USA | Cohort Study | MCI: 561/72 | 6.5 years | 1 or 1.5 Tesla Siemens Magnetom MRI scanner T1-WI, T2-WI | WMS TMT BNT |
Age at MRI, sex, days between baseline MRI and baseline neuropsychological assessment, education, APOE ε4 status, vascular risk factors, other MRI measures |
| Boyle et al. (2016) | USA | Cohort Study | MCI: 354/106 | 6 years | 1.5 Tesla General Electric (Waukesha, WI) MRI scanner T1-WI, T2-WI, FLAIR | MMSE | Age, gender, and education Total gray matter vascular risk factors and diseases |
| van Uden et al. (2016) | Holland | Cohort Study | Dementia: 500/42 | 5.2 years | 1.5-Tesla MRI (Magnetom Sonata, Siemens Medical Solutions, Erlangen, Germany) T1-WI, T2*-WI, FLAIR,DTI | MMSE | Age, gender, education, baseline MMSE and territorial infarcts |
| Weinstein et al. (2013) | USA | Cohort Study | Dementia: 1,414/28 | 10 years | 1 or 1.5-Tesla Siemens Magnetom scanner 3D T1, PD, T2 | LM VR PAS SIM HVOT TrA TrB BNT DSF DSB COWAT |
Age, sex, education, hypertension, current smoking, history of diabetes mellitus, body mass index, and ApoEε4 status |
| Godin et al. (2010) | France | Cohort Study | MCI: 1,701/224 Dementia: 1,701/46 | 4 years | 1.5 Tesla Magnetom (Siemens, Erlangen) MRI scanner T1-WI, T2-WI | MMSE Tr B IST BVRT |
Sex, age, education level, hypertension, history ofcardiovascular disease, diabetes, MMSE score, hypercholesterolemia and ApoE genotype and TIV |
| Debette et al. (2010) | USA | Cohort Study | MCI: 1,134/93 Dementia: 2,013/11 | 6 years | 1 or 1.5-T Siemens Magnetom T1, T2 | NP | Age, gender systolic blood pressure, current smoking, diabetes, history of cerebrovascular disease, interim stroke, excluding prevalent stroke (for dementia) or for interim stroke and dementia and excluding prevalent stroke and dementia (for death) |
| Ikram et al. (2010) | Holland | Cohort Study | Dementia: 490/46 | 5.9 years | 1.5-T MRI System (VISION MR, Siemens AG, Erlangen, Germany) T2WI, 3D HASTE |
MMSE Letter-Digit Substitution Task the Stroop test verbal fluency task 15 word verbal learning test |
Age, sex, education diabetes mellitus, smoking, hypertension and brain infarcts |
| Silbert et al. (2009) | USA | Cohort Study | MCI: 49/24 | 5.6 years | 1.5-T magnet T1-WI, T2-WI |
MMSE CDR |
Age, incident HTN, ICV, MMSE at entry, baseline hippocampal and vCSF volume, ApoE-4 status, and baseline MRI volume |
| Smith et al. (2008) | USA | Cohort Study | MCI: 67/26 Dementia: 156/54 | 6 years | 1.5-T scanners T2-WI |
CDR MMSE |
Age, sex,education, past smoking, and APOE genotype |
MMSE, mini-mental state examination; MCI, mild cognitive impairment; AVLT, auditory verbal learning test; COST, common objects sorting test; TMT, trail making test; CDR, clinical dementia rating; NP, neuropsychological test battery; BDS, blessed dementia scale; WMS, Wechsler Memory Scale; LM, logical memory; VR, visual memory; PAS, paired associate; SIM, immediate recall and similarities; HVOT, Hooper visual organization test; TrA, trail making test A; TrB, trail making test B; BNT, Boston naming test; DSF, digit span forward; DSB, digit span backward; COWAT, controlled word association fluency test; IST, Isaacs' set test; BVRT, Benton visual retention test; T1-WI, T1 weighted images; T2-WI, T2 weighted images; FLAIR, fluid attenuation inversion recovery; PD, double echo proton density; TIV, total intracranial volume; ICV, intracranial volume; vCSF, ventricular cerebral spinal fluid; HTN, hypertension.