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. 2022 Sep 1;14:949763. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.949763

Table 2.

Characteristics of included studies.

Study ID Country Study design Total patients consented/total tested Follow up MRI method Test done Adjustment
Xia et al. (2020) China Cohort Study MCI: 191/41 7 years 1.5-Tesla GE/3.0-Tesla GE MRI scanner
T1-WI, T2-WI, FLAIR
MMSE
AVLT
HOMT
COST
TMT
Age, sex, interval, education, ApoE e4 carrier
Müller et al. (2020) Swedish Cohort Study Dementia: 212/16 6 years 1.5T MRI scanner
(Philips Intera, The Netherlands) T1-WI, T2-WI, FLAIR
MMSE Age, sex, and education
Burke et al. (2019) USA Cohort Study MCI: 483/45 Dementia: 211/49 3 years T1-WI, T2-WI, FLAIR CDR Age, CDR global score, and neuropsychiatric symptoms, White non-Hispanic race and CDR global score
Xiong et al. (2018) China Cohort Study Dementia: 158/53 14 years 1.5 T MR scan
(Siemens Healthcare, Magnetom Avanto, Erlange, Germany) T1-WI, T2-WI, FLAIR
BDS
CDR
/
Lopez et al. (2018) USA Cohort Study Dementia: 183/23 5.7 years GE Signa 1.5T scanner T1-WI, T2-WI, FLAIR MMSE /
Bangen et al. (2018) USA Cohort Study MCI: 561/72 6.5 years 1 or 1.5 Tesla Siemens Magnetom MRI scanner T1-WI, T2-WI WMS
TMT
BNT
Age at MRI, sex, days between baseline MRI and baseline neuropsychological assessment, education, APOE ε4 status, vascular risk factors, other MRI measures
Boyle et al. (2016) USA Cohort Study MCI: 354/106 6 years 1.5 Tesla General Electric (Waukesha, WI) MRI scanner T1-WI, T2-WI, FLAIR MMSE Age, gender, and education Total gray matter vascular risk factors and diseases
van Uden et al. (2016) Holland Cohort Study Dementia: 500/42 5.2 years 1.5-Tesla MRI (Magnetom Sonata, Siemens Medical Solutions, Erlangen, Germany) T1-WI, T2*-WI, FLAIR,DTI MMSE Age, gender, education, baseline MMSE and territorial infarcts
Weinstein et al. (2013) USA Cohort Study Dementia: 1,414/28 10 years 1 or 1.5-Tesla Siemens Magnetom scanner 3D T1, PD, T2 LM
VR
PAS
SIM
HVOT
TrA
TrB
BNT
DSF
DSB
COWAT
Age, sex, education, hypertension, current smoking, history of diabetes mellitus, body mass index, and ApoEε4 status
Godin et al. (2010) France Cohort Study MCI: 1,701/224 Dementia: 1,701/46 4 years 1.5 Tesla Magnetom (Siemens, Erlangen) MRI scanner T1-WI, T2-WI MMSE
Tr B
IST
BVRT
Sex, age, education level, hypertension, history ofcardiovascular disease, diabetes, MMSE score, hypercholesterolemia and ApoE genotype and TIV
Debette et al. (2010) USA Cohort Study MCI: 1,134/93 Dementia: 2,013/11 6 years 1 or 1.5-T Siemens Magnetom T1, T2 NP Age, gender systolic blood pressure, current smoking, diabetes, history of cerebrovascular disease, interim stroke, excluding prevalent stroke (for dementia) or for interim stroke and dementia and excluding prevalent stroke and dementia (for death)
Ikram et al. (2010) Holland Cohort Study Dementia: 490/46 5.9 years 1.5-T MRI System (VISION MR, Siemens AG, Erlangen, Germany)
T2WI, 3D HASTE
MMSE
Letter-Digit Substitution Task the Stroop test verbal fluency task 15 word verbal learning test
Age, sex, education
diabetes mellitus, smoking, hypertension and brain infarcts
Silbert et al. (2009) USA Cohort Study MCI: 49/24 5.6 years 1.5-T magnet
T1-WI, T2-WI
MMSE
CDR
Age, incident HTN, ICV, MMSE at entry,
baseline hippocampal and vCSF volume, ApoE-4 status, and baseline MRI volume
Smith et al. (2008) USA Cohort Study MCI: 67/26 Dementia: 156/54 6 years 1.5-T scanners
T2-WI
CDR
MMSE
Age, sex,education, past smoking, and APOE genotype

MMSE, mini-mental state examination; MCI, mild cognitive impairment; AVLT, auditory verbal learning test; COST, common objects sorting test; TMT, trail making test; CDR, clinical dementia rating; NP, neuropsychological test battery; BDS, blessed dementia scale; WMS, Wechsler Memory Scale; LM, logical memory; VR, visual memory; PAS, paired associate; SIM, immediate recall and similarities; HVOT, Hooper visual organization test; TrA, trail making test A; TrB, trail making test B; BNT, Boston naming test; DSF, digit span forward; DSB, digit span backward; COWAT, controlled word association fluency test; IST, Isaacs' set test; BVRT, Benton visual retention test; T1-WI, T1 weighted images; T2-WI, T2 weighted images; FLAIR, fluid attenuation inversion recovery; PD, double echo proton density; TIV, total intracranial volume; ICV, intracranial volume; vCSF, ventricular cerebral spinal fluid; HTN, hypertension.