TABLE 4.

Analysis of ear thickness in preclinical studies in vivo.

	Mean ± SD		std.Mean difference [95%CI]	p value
Study
	E	C
4.1 epidermal Thickness				p = 0.01
Jain, et al., 2016	0.28 ± 0.03	0.34 ± 0.08	−0.90 [−2.24, −0.44]
Badanthadka, et al., 2021	0.23 ± 0.02	0.25 ± 0.01	−1.17 [−2.43, −0.10]
Sun, et al., 2017	0.18 ± 0.17	0.95 ± 0.06	−5.58 [−8.52, −2.63]
Zhang, et al., 2019	2.67 ± 1.13	4.03 ± 0.02	−1.48 [−3.20, 0.24]
Total (95% CI) Random-effects I2 = 64%			−1.80 [−3.20, −0.41]

Abbrevations: E, experimental group; C, control group.