Table 3.
Prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals for associations between psychosocial stressors at work and moral injuries among Canadian healthcare workers (N = 572).
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Psychosocial stressors at work | na | PR (95% CI) | PR (95% CI) | PR (95% CI) |
| Psychological demands | ||||
| Low (ref) | 25 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Moderate | 138 | 1.18 (0.28–4.90) | 1.39 (0.33–5.93) | 1.44 (0.31–6.65) |
| High | 409 | 1.96 (0.51–7.53) | 2.15 (0.55–8.39) | 2.19 (0.52–9.24) |
| Job control | ||||
| High (ref) | 271 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Moderate | 265 | 1.73 (1.10–2.73) | 1.88 (1.18–3.01) | 1.97 (1.23–3.14) |
| Low | 36 | 2.61 (1.33–5.11) | 2.83 (1.45–5.50) | 2.81 (1.40–5.64) |
| Social support from colleagues | ||||
| High (ref) | 511 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Moderate | 34 | 1.94 (1.01–3.71) | 2.05 (1.10–3.82) | 2.17 (1.17–4.04) |
| Low | 27 | 2.75 (1.53–4.92) | 2.54 (1.44–4.50) | 2.61 (1.45–4.70) |
| Social support from supervisor | ||||
| High (ref) | 381 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Moderate | 53 | 1.90 (0.97–3.74) | 2.04 (1.04–3.99) | 2.00 (1.01–3.99) |
| Low | 138 | 2.92 (1.91–4.48) | 3.00 (1.93–4.66) | 2.84 (1.84–4.38) |
| Reward | ||||
| High (ref) | 160 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Moderate | 274 | 2.14 (1.05–4.36) | 2.21 (1.07–4.54) | 2.10 (1.01–4.37) |
| Low | 138 | 4.77 (2.39–9.52) | 4.77 (2.34–9.71) | 4.43 (2.14–9.16) |
| Emotional demands | ||||
| Low (ref) | 119 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Moderate | 158 | 1.13 (0.41–3.09) | 1.20 (0.43–3.33) | 1.24 (0.45–3.44) |
| High | 295 | 4.30 (1.92–9.67) | 4.42 (1.93–10.13) | 4.32 (1.89–9.88) |
| Incivility | ||||
| Low (ref) | 368 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Moderate | 88 | 2.02 (1.11–3.66) | 2.08 (1.16–3.75) | 2.03 (1.13–3.67) |
| High | 116 | 3.94 (2.53–6.13) | 4.04 (2.59–6.32) | 4.00 (2.54–6.30) |
| Quality of work | ||||
| High (ref) | 172 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Moderate | 115 | 1.15 (0.52–2.53) | 1.19 (0.55–2.60) | 1.22 (0.56–2.63) |
| Low | 285 | 2.60 (1.47–4.61) | 2.70 (1.51–4.82) | 2.58 (1.44–4.61) |
| Management of organizational changes | ||||
| High (ref) | 259 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Moderate | 72 | 2.60 (1.34–5.05) | 2.57 (1.33–4.96) | 2.81 (1.45–5.42) |
| Low | 241 | 2.87 (1.72–4.78) | 2.76 (1.65–4.64) | 2.81 (1.68–4.69) |
| Ethical culture | ||||
| High (ref) | 60 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Moderate | 35 | 4.29 (0.88–20.93) | 5.67 (1.14–28.26) | 5.98 (1.13–31.58) |
| Low | 477 | 4.53 (1.14–17.98) | 5.69 (1.41–22.89) | 5.58 (1.34–23.27) |
Abbreviations: PR = prevalence ratio; CI = confidence interval; ref = reference category.
Model 1: crude model
Model 2: adjusted for sex, gender identity, gender roles, minority status, age, education, years of experience
Model 3: Model 2 + alcohol consumption, smoking, physical inactivity, and BMI.
a
n in crude model.