Table 2.
Interventions and outcome assessments.
| First author, year (ref.) | Control intervention | Experimental intervention | Treatment duration | Points selection | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yang, 2018 [15] | RP + placebo∗ | RP + AAHM Baijiezi (Semen Brassicae), Yanhusuo (Rhizoma Corydalis), Gansui (Radix Kansui), Xixin (Herbal Asari), and Mahuang (Herba Ephedrae); 3 times a year for 2 consecutive years (dog days) | 2 years▲ | BL15 Xinshu, BL13 Feishu, BL17 Geshu, and BL11 Dazhu | FEV1, FEV1/FVC, ACT, FAE |
| Wang, 2017 [16] | RP + placebo∗ | RP + AAHM | 1 year▲ | BL13 Feishu, BL15 Xinshu, BL17 Geshu, CV17 Danzhong, CV22 Tiantu, and RN8 Shenque | EOS, FEV1, IgE |
| Baijiezi (Semen Brassicae), Yanhusuo (Rhizoma Corydalis), Gansui (Radix Kansui), Xixin (Herbal Asari), and Shexiang (Moschus) | |||||
| Every 10 days each time and duration for 3 to 4 hours (dog days) | |||||
| Baijiezi (Semen Brassicae), Yanhusuo (Rhizoma Corydalis), Gansui (Radix Kansui), Xixin (Herbal Asari), Shexiang (Moschus), Shudihuang (Radix Rehmanniae Preparata), and Buguzhi (Fructus Psoraleae) | |||||
| Every 9 days each time and duration for 3 to 4 hours (San-Jiu days) | |||||
| Dingxiang (Flos Caryophylli), Sharen (Fructus Amomi), Cangzhu (Rhizoma Atractylodis), Baizhu (White Atractylodes Rhizome), and Hujiao (Fructus Piperis) | |||||
| Duration for 3 to 12 hours (dog days and San-Jiu days) | |||||
| Wang, 2017 [17] | RP + placebo∗ | RP + AAHM | 3 months★ | BL13 Feishu, BL15 Xinshu, BL17 Geshu, CV17 Danzhong, CV22 Tiantu, and RN8 Shenque | FEV1 |
| Baijiezi (Semen Brassicae), Yanhusuo (Rhizoma Corydalis), Gansui (Radix Kansui), Xixin (Herbal Asari), and Shexiang (Moschus) | |||||
| Every 10 days each time and duration for 3 to 4 hours (dog days) | |||||
| Baijiezi (Semen Brassicae), Yanhusuo (Rhizoma Corydalis), Gansui (Radix Kansui), Xixin (Herbal Asari), Shexiang (Moschus), Shudihuang (Radix Rehmanniae Preparata), and Buguzhi (Fructus Psoraleae) | |||||
| Every 9 days each time and duration for 3 to 4 hours (San-Jiu days) | |||||
| Dingxiang (Flos Caryophylli), Sharen (Fructus Amomi), Cangzhu (Rhizoma Atractylodis), Baizhu (White Atractylodes Rhizome), and Hujiao (Fructus Piperis) | |||||
| Duration for 3 to 12 hours (dog days and San-Jiu days) | |||||
| Ma, 2016 [18] | Placebo∗ | AAHM Baijiezi (Semen Brassicae), Yanhusuo (Rhizoma Corydalis), Gansui (Radix Kansui), Xixin (Herbal Asari), Rougui (Cortex Cinnamomi), Banxia (Rhizoma Pinelliae), and Shexiang (Moschus); every 3 days each time and duration for 2 hours (dog days) | 30 days★ | GV14 Dazhui, BL13 Feishu, BL20 Pishu, and BL23 Shenshu | FEV1 |
| Wang, 2016 [19] | RP + placebo∗ | RP + AAHM Baijiezi (Semen Brassicae), Yanhusuo (Rhizoma Corydalis), Xixin (Herbal Asari), Gansui (Radix Kansui), and Shexiang (Moschus); every 10 days each time and duration for 2 to 6 hours (dog days) | 1 year▲ | First dog days: | FEV1, IgE |
| BL12 Fengmen and BL13 Feishu | |||||
| EX-B1 Dingchuan | |||||
| Middle dog days: | |||||
| BL20 Pishu and BL14 Jueyinshu | |||||
| GV14 Dazhui | |||||
| End dog days: | |||||
| BL23 Shenshu and BL11 Dazhu | |||||
| BL43 Gaohuang | |||||
| Shi, 2014 [20] | Placebo∗ | AAHM Baijiezi (Semen Brassicae), Yanhusuo (Rhizoma Corydalis), Gansui (Radix Kansui), Xixin (Herbal Asari), and Fangfeng (Radix Saposhnikoviae); every 10 days each time and duration for 10 minutes (dog days) | 1 year▲ | BL15 Xinshu, BL13 Feishu, and BL17 Geshu | EOS, FEV1, FEV1/FVC |
| Chang, 2014 [21] | Placebo∗ | AAHM | 32 days★ | Scheme 1: GV14 Dazhui; BL13 Feishu; EX-B1 Dingchuan; CV22 Tiantu; BL12 Fengmen; Scheme 2: BL13 Feishu; BL43 Gaohuang; BL20 Pishu; BL23 Shenshu; CV17 Danzhong. | FAE |
| Scheme 1: | |||||
| Baijiezi (Semen Brassicae), Yanhusuo (Rhizoma Corydalis), Gansui (Radix Kansui), Xixin (Herbal Asari), Fangfeng (Radix Saposhnikoviae), Wuweizi (Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis), and Bingpian (Borneclum Syntheticum) | |||||
| Scheme 2: | |||||
| Baijiezi (Semen Brassicae), Yanhusuo (Rhizoma Corydalis), Gansui (Radix Kansui), Xixin (Herbal Asari), Ganjiang (Dried Ginger), Rougui (Cortex Cinnamomi), Yinyanghuo (Herba Epimedii), and Bingpian (Borneclum Syntheticum) | |||||
| (Schemes 1 and 2 were used alternately) | |||||
| Every 4 days each time and duration for 3 to 5 hours (dog days) | |||||
| Liu, 2018 [22] | Placebo∗ | AAHM Baijiezi (Semen Brassicae), Yanhusuo (Rhizoma Corydalis), Gansui (Radix Kansui), and Xixin (Herbal Asari); every 10 days each time and duration for 4 hours (dog days) | 1 year▲ | BL15 Xinshu, BL13 Feishu, and BL17 Geshu | FAE |
| Tian, 2020 [23] | RP + placebo∗ | RP + AAHM Baijiezi (Semen Brassicae), Yanhusuo (Rhizoma Corydalis), Gansui (Radix Kansui), and Xixin (Herbal Asari); 3 times a year for 2 consecutive years and duration for 2 to 4 hours (dog days) | 2 years | BL15 Xinshu, BL13 Feishu, BL17 Geshu, BL20 Pishu, ST40 Fenglong | FAE, FEV1 |
| Shang, 2013 [24] | Placebo∗ | AAHM Xixin (Herbal Asari), Baijiezi (Semen Brassicae), Gansui (Radix Kansui), and Mahuang (Herba Ephedrae); twice a week and duration for 1 hour (dog days) | 4 weeks★ | Along governor vessel and bladder meridian of foot taiyang | IgE |
| Lu, 2011 [25] | RP + placebo∗ | RP + AAHM Baijiezi (Semen Brassicae), Yanhusuo (Rhizoma Corydalis), Gansui (Radix Kansui), and Xixin (Herbal Asari); every 10 days each time (dog days) | 3 years▲ | Scheme 1: | FEV1, AQLQ, FEV1/FVC |
| CV22 Tiantu and GV14 Dazhui | |||||
| BL13 Feishu and BL20 Pishu | |||||
| RN8 Shenshu and ST36 Zusanli | |||||
| Scheme 2: | |||||
| CV17 Danzhong and BL42 Pohu ST40 Fenglong and BL49 Yishe | |||||
| EX-B1 Dingchuan and BL52 Zhishi | |||||
| (Schemes 1 and 2 were used alternately) | |||||
| Bai, 2010 [26] | Placebo∗ | AAHM Baijiezi (Semen Brassicae), Gansui (Radix Kansui), Fangfeng (Radix Saposhnikoviae), Huangqin (Radix Scutellariae), and Dilong (Pheretima); every 2 or 3 days each time (dog days) | 3 years▲ | BL23 Shenshu, BL13 Feishu, EX-B1 Dingchuan, BL43 Gaohuang | FAE |
| Yao, 2009 [27] | Placebo∗ | AAHM Baijiezi (Semen Brassicae), Hujiao (Fructus Piperis), Xixin (Herbal Asari), and Baizhi (Radix Angelicae Dahuricae); every 3 or 4 days each time and duration for 4 to 4 hours (4 weeks) | 4 weeks★ | Scheme 1: | AQLQ, FEV1/FVC |
| CV22 Tiantu and GV14 Dazhui; | |||||
| BL13 Feishu and BL20 Pishu | |||||
| Scheme 2: | |||||
| CV22 Tiantu and CV17 Danzhong | |||||
| ST36 Zusanli and RN6 Qihai | |||||
| RN4 Guanyuan | |||||
| (Schemes 1and 2 were used alternately) | |||||
| Yu, 2009 [28] | Placebo∗ | AAHM Baijiezi (Semen Brassicae), Hujiao (Fructus Piperis), Xixin (Herbal Asari), Banfenghe (Pterospermum heterophyllum Hance), and Baizhi (Radix Angelicae Dahuricae); twice a week and duration for 4 hours (4 weeks) | 4 weeks★ | Scheme 1: | FEV1, FEV1/FVC, AQLQ, |
| CV22 Tiantu and GV14 Dazhui | |||||
| BL13 Feishu and BL20 Pishu | |||||
| Scheme 2: | |||||
| CV22 Tiantu and CV17 Danzhong | |||||
| ST36 Zusanli and RN6 Qihai | |||||
| RN4 Guanyuan | |||||
| (Schemes 1 and 2 were used alternately) | |||||
| Yao, 2007 [29] | Placebo∗ | AAHM Baijiezi (Semen Brassicae), Hujiao (Fructus Piperis), Xixin (Herbal Asari), Banfenghe (Pterospermum heterophyllum Hance), and Baizhi (Radix Angelicae Dahuricae); twice a week and duration for 4 hours (4 weeks) | 4 weeks★ | Scheme 1: | EOS, FEV1 |
| CV22 Tiantu and GV14 Dazhui | |||||
| BL13 Feishu and BL20 Pishu | |||||
| Scheme 2: | |||||
| CV22 Tiantu and CV17 Danzhong | |||||
| ST36 Zusanli and RN6 Qihai | |||||
| RN4 Guanyuan | |||||
| (Schemes 1 and 2 were used alternately) | |||||
| Mi, 2005 [30] | RP + placebo∗ | RP + AAHM, Baijiezi (Semen Brassicae), Yanhusuo (Rhizoma Corydalis), Gansui (Radix Kansui), and Xixin (Herbal Asari); every 10 days each time and duration for 1 hour (3 months) | 3 months★ | Scheme 1: | FEV1/FVC |
| BL13 Feishu and BL21 Weishu | |||||
| CV17 Danzhong and BL52 Zhishi | |||||
| Scheme 2: | |||||
| BL20 Pishu and BL43 Gaohuang | |||||
| BL12 Fengmen and CV22 Tiantu | |||||
| Scheme3: | |||||
| BL23 Shenshu and RN12 Zhongwan | |||||
| EX-B1 Dingchuan and BL23 Xinshu | |||||
| (Schemes 1, 2, and 3 were used alternately) |
Abbreviations: ACT: asthma control test, AAHM: acupoint application of herbal medicine, AQLQ: asthma quality of life questionnaire, FAE: frequency of acute exacerbations, IgE: Immunoglobulin E, RP: routine pharmacotherapy, EOS: eosinophil, FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1 second, and FVC: forced vital capacity. ∗The application method and point selection are the same as the experimental intervention. ▲Long-term efficacy observation. ★Short-term efficacy observation.