Table 1.

Characteristics of dementia cases and the first matched control

	Participants with dementia diagnosis (N=3,653)	First matched control (N=3,653)	p-value
Sociodemographic characteristics
Age at diagnosis in years, mean (sd)	79.9 (7.4)	79.7 (7.4)	0.230
Male, %	36.8	36.8	1.000
Race, %			0.178
Non-Hispanic white	79.3	79.3
Non-Hispanic black	13.2	12.7
Hispanic	6.3	6.2
Non-Hispanic other	1.2	1.8
Marital status at diagnosis, %			0.686
Married	38.2	38.9
Separated/divorced	6.7	7.4
Widowed	40.7	39.5
Never married	2.9	2.7
Unknown marital status	11.5	11.5
Educational attainment, %			<0.001
Less than high school	37.9	33.1
High school graduate	33.9	34.3
Some college	15.8	17.5
College and above	12.4	15.1
Veteran, %	20.9	22.9	0.041
Health characteristics at baseline *
Comorbid conditions, %
Anemia	40.0	21.7	0.000
Arthritis	37.3	28.1	<0.001
Atrial fibrillation	13.5	8.3	<0.001
Cancer	10.2	9.6	0.388
Chronic kidney disease	17.4	9.1	<0.001
COPD	19.2	11.7	<0.001
Depression	23.5	5.7	0.000
Diabetes	30.6	23.3	<0.001
Heart failure	32.7	20.2	<0.001
Hyperlipidemia	34.8	32.1	0.014
Hypertension	69.2	55.1	<0.001
Ischemic heart disease	47.7	34.9	<0.001
Stroke/TIA	15.0	3.3	0.000
Total Medicare reimbursement, mean (sd)	18,328 (30,397)	9,517 (18,882)	0.000
Insurance coverage at diagnosis
Medicare Part D, %	53.6	48.5	0.006
Medicaid, %	10.1	8.4	0.048
Insurance coverage at death **
Medicare Part D, %	55.2	52.3	0.127
Medicaid, %	13.9	12.1	0.098

^*The baseline period was defined as the 12 months prior to the diagnosis date.

^**Among the sub-sample where death is observed in the data. N=2,947 and 2,385 in dementia and first matched control cohorts, respectively.