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. 2022 Sep 2;13:984298. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.984298

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Copyright © 2022 Urban, Hayes, Piraino, Wolfe, Lahni, O’Connor, Phares and Zingarelli

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Transmission electron microscopy sections of thoracic aortas with lanthanum staining at 6 h after cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Panels of control mice (A, D, G, J) show thick endothelial glycocalyx layer with dense individual bundles and normal mitochondria in endothelial and smooth muscle cells. Panels of vehicle-treated mice (B, E, H, K) show thin glycocalyx with bundles with loose structure and some damaged mitochondria and authophagic vesicles at 6 h after CLP. Panels of colivelin-treated mice (C, F, I, L) show well preserved thin glycocalyx and normal mitochondria at 6 h after CLP. Vehicle (200 µl distilled water) or colivelin (100 µg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally at 1 h after CLP. Arrows = glycocalyx; EC = endothelial cell; EL = elastica lamina; EM = extracellular matrix; RC = red cell; SMC = smooth muscle cell; a = authophagosome; n = nucleus; m = normal mitochondria; dm = damaged swollen mitochondria presenting translucent matrix and disrupted cristae.