Impact of ASNS variant expression on fibroblast proliferation. Fibroblasts from the child and both parents, along with a nonrelated WT fibroblast cell line, were incubated in DMEM ± Asn for 24, 48, and 72 h. The results shown are viable cell numbers only and were measured using an automated cell counter and an associated trypan blue exclusion method. The data are presented as the averages ± SDs of viable cell numbers in triplicate wells for each time point and culture medium condition. Each experiment was repeated with different batches of cells to establish reproducibility. Where not shown, the SD bars are within the symbol. An asterisk indicates that the DMEM-Asn value was p ≤ 0.05 compared to DMEM + Asn condition. ASNS, asparagine synthetase.