Increased inflammatory gene expression in Irf3−/− mouse macrophages upon virus infection. Wt or Irf3−/− iBMDMs (immunoblot of Irf3 expression; inset in A) were infected with SeV (for 4 h postinfection [hpi]; A–G), MHV (for 16 hpi; Hand I), or IAV (for 16 and 24 hpi; J and K), and the mRNA levels of Il1b, Tnf, Cxcl5, Tnfaip3, Il6, Ifnb1 (A–F, H–K), or viral transcript (G) were analyzed by qRT-PCR. The results are representative of three experiments; the data represent mean ± SEM. KO, knockout, ****P < 0.0001.