TABLE 1.
Role of Wnt in OA.
| Protein | References | Role of joints |
|---|---|---|
| Wnt3a | Wang X et al. (2019) | Promoting the chondrocyte hypertrophy and differentiation |
| Wnt4 | Fan Liying et al. (2018) | Up-regulated in the progress of differentiation in ATDC5 via Wnt-4/β-catenin signaling |
| Nan Yao et al. (2021) | Downregulating mRNA and protein expression of Wnt-4/β-catenin reduced pathological damage and matrix degradation of articular cartilage in KOA rats | |
| Wnt5a | Xianpeng Ge et al. (2017) | Activating Wnt5a facilitated chondrocyte proliferation, hypertrophy, and migration |
| Huang G et al. (2107) | Upregulated in OA and inducing catabolic signaling and MMP production in human articular chondrocytes | |
| Wnt5b | Yingzi Yang et al. (2003) | Promoting the chondrocyte hypertrophy, proliferation, and differentiation |
| Wnt6 | Arjen B Blom et al. (2009) | Upregulated in the synovium during the early phase of mouse collagenase-induced OA. |
| Wnt7a | Gibson Averi L et al. (2017) | Wnt7a protected the cartilage damaged through promoting joint cartilage integrity, inhibiting inflammatory stimuli-induced catabolic gene expression and the activities of MMP activity in joints |
| Sassi N et al. (2014) | Down-regulated in chondrocytes during the progress of human chondrocyte de-differentiation | |
| Wnt7b | Xiaofeng Li et al. (2005) | Regulating the osteocyte maturation and bone growth |
| Ma B et al. (2012) | Overexpression induced by IL-1 and accompanied with the expression of MMP-1, MMP-3, and MMP-13 via canonical Wnt-7b/β-catenin in human chondrocytes | |
| Wnt8a | Carmen García-Ibarbia et al. (2013) | Downregulated of Wnt8a activity is related with hip fractures in patients compared to those with osteoarthritis |
| Wnt8b | Florian Witte et al. (2009) | Unknown |
| Wnt9a | Xuan Fengjun et al. (2019) | Wnt9a was highly expressed in superficial zone cells of articular cartilage and regulated the expression of Prg4 via Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway |
| Wnt10a | Huang Junjie et al. (2020) | Wnt10a increased the expression of inflammatory cytokines in OA patient SMSCs, whereas Wnt10a had a mild protective effect on cartilage integrity in a rat model |
| Wnt10b | Kazushi Imai et al. (2006) | Wnt10b was detected in RA and OA synovium. The expression was parallel with the degree of inflammatory cell infiltration and tissue fibrosis |
| Wnt11 | Michael S Friedman et al. (2009) | Wnt11 promotes osteoblast maturation and mineralization by activating Rspo2 expression through Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway |
| Wnt16 | Tong W et al. (2019) | Wnt16 overexpression in chondrocytes of mice significantly inhibited chondrocyte hypertrophy during skeletal development through the activation of non-canonical signaling pathways |
| Francesco Dell’accio et al. (2008) | Wnt-16 and β-catenin were dramatically upregulated in areas of the same joint with moderate to severe OA damage |