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. 2022 Sep 2;13:942768. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.942768

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Activated retinal microglia in STZ-induced DR mice with metabolic and inflammatory disturbances. (A) Representative retinal cross sections of STZ stained with 6-Diamidino-2-Phenylindole (DAPI) (blue) and IBA-1 (green) showed activated microglia translocation to the ONL. Scale bar indicates 100 μm. ONL, outer region of outer nuclear layer; OPL, outer plexiform layer; INL, inner region of outer nuclear layer; IPL, inner plexiform layer; GCL, ganglion cell layer. (B) Morphological changes in microglia immunolabelled for IBA-1 (green) in retinas of diabetic mice indicated activated microglia with shortened processes. Scale bar indicates 25 μm. (C–F) Summary data of the number of microglia per field, average diameters of microglia, process length, and number of endpoints per cell. n = 3, **p < 0.01. (G) KEGG analysis identified metabolic and inflammatory-related pathways enriched in activated retinal microglia (ARM) according to the differentially expressed genes in cluster 36 from control and STZ retina. **p < 0.01.