Table 2.

Adjusted association between soy products consumption and depression.

	Soy products consumption
	<1 day/week (n = 1,118)	1–3 days/week (n = 3,420)	4–7 days/week (n = 1,715)	P for trend
MDD (PHQ-9≥5)
Model 1*	ref.	0.54 (0.47–0.62)	0.40 (0.33–0.47)	<0.001
Model 2†	ref.	0.56 (0.49–0.64)	0.41 (0.35–0.49)	<0.001
Model 3‡	ref.	0.60 (0.53–0.69)	0.46 (0.39–0.54)	<0.001
MDD (PHQ-9≥6)
Model 1*	ref.	0.49 (0.42–0.57)	0.35 (0.29–0.42)	<0.001
Model 2†	ref.	0.50 (0.43–0.58)	0.36 (0.30–0.43)	<0.001
Model 3‡	ref.	0.55 (0.47–0.64)	0.40 (0.33–0.49)	<0.001
MDD (PHQ-9≥7)
Model 1*	ref.	0.46 (0.39–0.54)	0.35 (0.28–0.43)	<0.001
Model 2†	ref.	0.47 (0.40–0.55)	0.36 (0.29–0.44)	<0.001
Model 3‡	ref.	0.51 (0.44–0.61)	0.41 (0.33–0.50)	<0.001
MDD (PHQ-9≥8)
Model 1*	ref.	0.45 (0.37–0.53)	0.36 (0.29–0.45)	<0.001
Model 2†	ref.	0.46 (0.38–0.55)	0.37 (0.30–0.47)	<0.001
Model 3‡	ref.	0.51 (0.42–0.61)	0.43 (0.34–0.54)	<0.001
MDD (PHQ-9≥9)
Model 1*	ref.	0.43 (0.35–0.52)	0.35 (0.27–0.46)	<0.001
Model 2†	ref.	0.44 (0.36–0.53)	0.36 (0.28–0.47)	<0.001
Model 3‡	ref.	0.49 (0.40–0.60)	0.42 (0.33–0.55)	<0.001
MDD (PHQ-9≥10)
Model 1*	ref.	0.42 (0.33–0.53)	0.36 (0.27–0.48)	<0.001
Model 2†	ref.	0.43 (0.34–0.55)	0.37 (0.27–0.50)	<0.001
Model 3‡	ref.	0.50 (0.39–0.63)	0.45 (0.33–0.61)	<0.001

MDD, major depressive disorder.

^*Unadjusted model.

^†Adjusted for age, sex, and BMI.

^‡Adjusted for age, sex, BMI, education, marital status, family economic status, physical exercise, smoking and drinking status, hypertension, diabetes, arthritis, ADL scores, dietary supplements, fresh vegetable consumption, and fish/shrimp consumption.