Figure 4:

Patient 3. Preoperative axial MRI with contrast showing left frontal lobe involvement with high-grade glioma (Anaplastic astrocytoma) (a). Intraoperative images showing the integration of real-time ultrasound images with the Brainlab navigation system during the course of surgery (b and c). In this case, it is apparent how navigated ultrasound can also help in planning the surgical course at the beginning of the surgery (b) and the role of assuring tumor bed safe margins toward the end of the resection (c). Postoperative axial MRI scan showing complete tumor resection (d).