Table 3.
Practicality reporting of observational school audit tool studies (n = 30).
| ID | How many items in observational component? | How long does it take to complete? | What device is used (i.e., paper vs electronic)? | How many raters are there per school? | What is the expertise of the rater(s)? | How are the rater (s) trained? | Total Items Reported | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ACTION! Staff Audit | 50+ | 1 to 2 | Research staff assisted by school personnel | 3 | |||
| 2 | Adachi et al, 2013 | ~4 items for each vending machine | 1 | |||||
| 3 | Belansky et al, 2013 | 80+ | ~1 day | 2 | 3 | |||
| 4 | Branding Checklist | 24 | 2 | Research staff | 3 | |||
| 5 | Co-SEA | Software application (audit + photos) | 1 | 2 | ||||
| 5.1 | Co-SEA Unadapted | 1 (with occasional auditor) | Research staff | 2 in-person trainings | 3 | |||
| 6 | EAPRS | 600+ items in 14 exposure categories | Average 67 min | Pencil/paper | 2 | Research staff | Trained by senior staff, supervised audit | 6 |
| 7 | ENDORSE | 38 items in 4 categories | 2 | 2 | ||||
| 8 | Food Decision Environment Tool | 50+ | 1–2 h | 1 to 2 | Economics and public health nutrition faculty | 4 | ||
| 9 | GRF-OT | 7 items in 2 categories | 30–45 min (before and during recess) | 2 | Research staff | Multi-day in-person series, supervised audit | 5 | |
| 10 | Hecht et al, 2017 | 2 | Research staff | 2 | ||||
| 11 | ISAT | Range: 21–44 (Countries varied) in 6 categories | 57 min on average (Range: 15–160) | Pencil/paper | 1 (5% had 2) | Research staff | In-person training, web-based exam, supervised audit | 6 |
| 12 | Laurie et al, 2017 | 13 | National Department of Basic Education fieldworkers | 2 | ||||
| 13 | LCFO | >50 | −25 min (less in elementary schools) | 1 to 2 | Research staff | 2.5 h in-person, supervised audit | 5 | |
| 14 | PARA | −50 | 10 min on average (up to 30 min) | 2 | Research staff | 4–8 in-person and 6 field hours, supervised audit | 5 | |
| 14.1 | PARA (Adapted) | −40 | 1 (with occasional auditor) | Community liaisons hired by research staff | In-person, supervised audit | 4 | ||
| 15 | Patel et al, 2009 | −25 | 1.5 h, before and during lunch | At least 2 | Community–academic partnership team | 3 h in-person training | 5 | |
| 16 | School Food Environment Scan | 52 | 1 lunch period (over 2 different days) | Pencil/paper + photos | 2 | Enumerator/Dietetic Intern | 5 | |
| 17 | School Lunchroom Audits | Range: 9–15 (Intervention groups varied) | Research staff | 2 | ||||
| 18 | SF-EAT | 8 detailed items + photos | Pencil/paper + photos | 1 to 2 | Research staff | 4 | ||
| 19 | SNDA-III | 20 | Pencil/paper | 2 | ||||
| 20 | SNEO | 25 | Research staff | Trained by senior staff | 3 | |||
| 21 | SPACE Checklist | 14 | 2 | Research staff | 3 | |||
| 22 | SPAN-ET | 50+ items in 27 categories | 10–12 h (includes non-obs. Items) | 2 | County extension educators, school personnel | 2-day (10 h) in-person | 5 | |
| 23 | SPEEDY | 44 items in 6 categories | 30 min | Pencil/paper | 2 to 5 | Full day in-person, supervised audit | 5 | |
| 23.1 | SPEEDY (Adapted; Dias et al., 2017) | 8 items in 1 category | Pencil/paper | 1 | Research staff | 4 | ||
| 23.2 | SPEEDY (Adapted; Harrison et al., 2016) | 47 items in 6 categories | Pencil/paper | Research staff | 3 | |||
| 23.3 | SPEEDY (Adapted; Tarun et al., 2017) | 39 items in 6 categories | Pencil/paper | 2 (sometimes accompanied by 3rd school official) | Research staff | 5 h, in-person | 5 | |
| 23.4 | SPEEDY (Unadapted; Chalkley et al., 2018) | Pencil/paper | 1 | Research staff | 3 | |||
| 23.5 | SPEEDY (Unadapted; Hyndman and Chancellor, 2017) | 44 items in 6 categories | 30 min | Pencil/paper | 3 |