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. 2022 Sep 2;13:912176. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.912176

Table 1.

Descriptive statistics for selected pictures and words samples.

Variables Valence Arousal Abstractness Familiarity Referent
Stimuli type
Picture Positive SS 6.73 ± 0.44 6.20 ± 0.45
EE 6.61 ± 0.42 6.17 ± 0.34
Negative SS 2.99 ± 0.66 6.29 ± 0.47
EE 3.05 ± 0.61 6.24 ± 0.33
One-way ANOVA each factor F3,92 = 358.5, p < 0.001 F3,92 = 0.36, p = 0.78, n.s.
Word Positive SA 6.33 ± 0.46 6.09 ± 0.37 2.28 ± 0.52 6.26 ± 0.50 6.52 ± 0.65
EA 6.44 ± 0.35 5.92 ± 0.51 2.43 ± 0.63 6.33 ± 0.42 2.14 ± 0.51
Negative SA 2.71 ± 0.76 6.02 ± 0.56 2.53 ± 0.60 6.02 ± 0.60 6.94 ± 0.49
EA 2.87 ± 0.88 6.11 ± 0.54 2.48 ± 0.52 6.26 ± 0.63 1.87 ± 0.42
One-way ANOVA each factor F3,92 = 246.1, p < 0.001 F3,92 = 0.68, p = 0.57, n.s. F3,92 = 0.86, p = 0.47, n.s. F3,92 = 1.44, p = 0.24, n.s. F3,92 = 647.0, p < 0.001

Means of Valence (1, Negative to 9, Positive), Arousal (1, Calming to 9, Arousing), Abstractness (1, Abstract to 9, Concrete), Familiarity (1, Unfamiliar to 9, Familiarity), and Referent (1, Inner feelings to 9, Human interaction). n.s., nonsignificant; ANOVA, analysis of variance; SS, Social Scene pictures; EE, Emotional Expression pictures; SA, Social Abstract words; EA, Emotional Abstract words.