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. 2022 Sep 16;17(9):e0274703. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274703

Table 3. Hazard ratios for all-cause mortality.

Model not adjusted for cancer stage Model adjusted for cancer stage
AHR (95%CI) p-value AHR (95%CI) p-value
Status at diagnosis
    Never incarcerated 1.00 (ref) 1.00 (ref)
    Incarcerated 2.31 (1.96–2.72) <0.001 1.92 (1.63–2.26) <0.001
    Post-release (≤12 months) 2.30 (2.05–2.59) <0.001 2.18 (1.94–2.45) <0.001
Age
    18–30 years 1.00 (ref) 1.00 (ref)
    >30–50 years 2.17 (1.97–2.40) <0.001 2.12 (1.93–2.34) <0.001
    >50–70 year 4.68 (4.26–5.15) <0.001 4.32 (3.93–4.75) <0.001
    >70 years 12.60 (11.47–13.85) <0.001 10.93 (9.95–12.02) <0.001
Race and ethnicity
    Non-Hispanic White 1.00 (ref) 1.00 (ref)
    Non-Hispanic Black 1.28 (1.25–1.31) <0.001 1.19 (1.16–1.22) <0.001
    Hispanic 1.03 (1.01–1.06) 0.02 0.97 (0.94–0.99) <0.001
    Other 0.57 (0.54–0.60) <0.001 0.53 (0.50–0.56) <0.001
Gender
    Male 1.00 (ref) 1.00 (ref)
    Female 0.89 (0.88–0.90) <0.001 0.89 (0.88–0.90) <0.001
Cancer type
    Not screenable cancer 1.00 (ref) 1.00 (ref)
    Screenable* cancer 0.38 (0.37–0.38) <0.001 0.57 (0.56–0.58) <0.001
Cancer stage
    Localized --- --- 1.00 (ref)
    Regional --- --- 2.10 (2.06–2.14) <0.001
    Distant --- --- 4.25 (4.18–4.32) <0.001
    Unknown/unstaged --- --- 4.94 (4.82–5.05) <0.001

Note: AHR = Adjusted hazard ratio; 95%CI = 95 percent confidence interval

* screenable cancer types include breast, colorectal, cervical, and prostate.