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. 2022 Sep 16;12:15572. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-19759-4

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Paleogeography of North America during the mid-Cretaceous to early Paleocene, showing the major developments and phases of the Western Interior Seaway and adjacent regions. The graph on the bottom right indicates the temporal extent of the Western Interior Seaway and the corresponding shifts in the speciation (blue) and extinction (red) rates (see also Fig. 1). Map was generated in R v. 4.1.2 (https://www.r-project.org/) based on polygons from Ref.²⁷. Region names follow Ref.³⁰.