Table 1.
Demographic, clinical and treatment characteristics of HCC patients.
| Characteristics | Total (n= 5,098) | NAFLD (n= 1,813) | HCV (n= 1,715) | ALD (n= 895) | HBV (n= 246) | Others/None (n= 429) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male Sex , n (%) | 3,438 (67.44) | 1,177 (64.92) | 1,088 (63.44) | 742 (82.91) | 166 (67.48) | 265 (61.77) | <0.001 |
| Age, mean (SD) | 76.75 (6.23) | 78.63 (6.34) | 75.10 (5.69) | 75.42 (5.37) | 75.98 (5.93) | 78.66 (6.94) | <0.001 |
| Race/ethnicity, n (%) | <0.001 | ||||||
| Non-Hispanic White | 3,224 (63.24) | 1,331 (73.41) | 848 (49.45) | 663 (74.08) | 52 (21.14) | 330 (76.92) | |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 390 (7.65) | 71 (3.92) | 240 (13.99) | 46 (5.14) | ** | ** | |
| Non-Hispanic API/Others | 810 (15.89) | 204 (11.25) | 372 (21.69) | 35 (3.91) | 161 (65.45) | 38 (8.86) | |
| Hispanic | 674 (13.22) | 207 (11.42) | 255 (14.87) | 151 (16.87) | ** | ** | |
| Census Poverty Level, n (%) | 0.001 | ||||||
| 0% to <5% poverty | 1,011 (19.83) | 364 (20.08) | 312 (18.19) | 186 (20.78) | 53 (21.54) | 96 (22.38) | |
| 5% to <10% poverty | 1,192 (23.38) | 449 (24.77) | 359 (20.93) | 237 (26.48) | 54 (21.95) | 93 (21.68) | |
| 10% to <20% poverty | 1,560 (30.6) | 569 (31.38) | 535 (31.2) | 239 (26.7) | 73 (29.67) | 144 (33.57) | |
| 20% to 100% poverty | 1,335 (26.19) | 431 (23.77) | 509 (29.68) | 233 (26.03) | 66 (26.83) | 96 (22.38) | |
| Rural-Urban Counties, n (%) | <0.001 | ||||||
| Metro > 1 million | 3,029 (59.42) | 993 (54.77) | 1,143 (66.65) | 504 (56.31) | 181 (73.58) | 208 (48.48) | |
| Metro 250k to1 million | 1,028 (20.16) | 380 (20.96) | 321 (18.72) | 190 (21.23) | 42 (17.07) | 95 (22.14) | |
| Metro < 250k | 414 (8.12) | 165 (9.1) | 110 (6.41) | 87 (9.72) | ** | ** | |
| Non-Metro/Rural | 627 (12.3) | 275 (15.17) | 141 (8.22) | 114 (12.74) | ** | ** | |
| NCI comorbidity index, n (%) | <0.001 | ||||||
| Low (0 to 2) | 3,842 (75.36) | 1,274 (70.27) | 1,349 (78.66) | 652 (72.85) | 209 (84.96) | 358 (83.45) | |
| Moderate (>2 to 4) | 725 (14.22) | 301 (16.60) | 214 (12.48) | 142 (15.87) | 24 (9.76) | 44 (10.26) | |
| High (>4) | 531 (10.42) | 238 (13.13) | 152 (8.86) | 101 (11.28) | 13 (5.28) | 27 (6.29) | |
| Diabetes , n (%) | 3,512 (68.89) | 1,533 (84.56) | 1,054 (61.46) | 643 (71.84) | 157 (63.82) | 125 (29.14) | <0.001 |
| Cirrhosis, n (%) | 3,815 (74.83) | 1,050 (57.92) | 1,526 (88.98) | 809 (90.39) | 199 (80.89) | 231 (53.85) | <0.001 |
| Ascites, n (%) | 2,213 (43.41) | 631 (34.8) | 817 (47.64) | 527 (58.88) | 106 (43.09) | 132 (30.77) | <0.001 |
| Hepatic encephalopathy, n (%) | 875 (17.16) | 181 (9.98) | 369 (21.52) | 246 (27.49) | 33 (13.41) | 46 (10.72) | <0.001 |
| Early-stage HCC*, n (%) | 967 (18.97) | 235 (12.96) | 420 (24.49) | 180 (20.11) | 61 (24.8) | 71 (16.55) | <0.001 |
| Treatment type, n (%) | <0.001 | ||||||
| Curative treatment | |||||||
| Tumor ablation | 589 (11.55) | 120 (6.62) | 292 (17.03) | 105 (11.73) | 35 (14.23) | 37 (8.62) | |
| Liver resection | 467 (9.16) | 182 (10.04) | 132 (7.7) | 57 (6.37) | 49 (19.92) | 47 (10.96) | |
| Liver transplant | 111 (2.18) | 20 (1.1) | 57 (3.32) | 20 (2.23) | ** | ** | |
| Non-curative Treatment | |||||||
| Chemoembolization | 777 (15.24) | 238 (13.13) | 312 (18.19) | 151 (16.87) | 38 (15.45) | 38 (8.86) | |
| Radioembolization | 225 (4.41) | 71 (3.92) | 74 (4.31) | 43 (4.8) | 15 (6.1) | 22 (5.13) | |
| Other Radiation | 132 (2.59) | 51 (2.81) | 46 (2.68) | 24 (2.68) | ** | ** | |
| Systemic treatment | 675 (13.24) | 227 (12.52) | 250 (14.58) | 114 (12.74) | 35 (14.23) | 49 (11.42) | |
| Others/best supportive care | 2122 (41.62) | 904 (49.86) | 552 (32.19) | 381 (42.57) | 62 (25.2) | 223 (51.98) |
ALD, alcoholic liver disease; API, Asian/Pacific Islander; HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; HCV, hepatitis C virus; Metro, metropolitan; NAFLD, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; NCI, National Cancer Institute; TACE, transarterial chemoembolization; TARE, transarterial radioembolization.
*
Single & ≤5 cm tumor without vascular invasion or metastasis.
**
Cells with less than 11 patients were suppressed. To avoid retrieval of number in the suppressed cells from the column/row totals, cells in another category with the lowest numbers were also suppressed.