TABLE 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of 169 patients with COVID‐19
| Characteristic or finding | Thrombosis (N = 58) | No thrombosis (N = 111) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years, median (range) | 64 (25–80) | 65 (18–81) | 0.7 |
| Male sex, n (%) | 47 (81) | 89 (80) | 0.9 |
| BMI, median (range) | 27 (20–42) | 29 (19–57) | 0.02 |
| Taking anticoagulants at admission, a n (%) | 7 (12) | 1 (1) | 0.2 |
| Length of stay in the ICU, days, median (range) | 25 (3–181) | 16 (2–61) | 0.007 |
| Mechanical ventilation, n (%) | 54 (93) | 102 (92) | 0.8 |
| Duration, days, median (range) | 21 (0–175) | 11 (0–55) | 0.001 |
| ECMO, n (%) | 1 (2) | 2 (2) | 1.0 |
| Medical history/comorbidity – n (%) | |||
| Cardiovascular disease | 11 (19) | 26 (23) | 0.5 |
| Hypertension | 15 (26) | 38 (34) | 0.3 |
| Thrombosis | 8 (14) | 15 (14) | 1.0 |
| Diabetes | 9 (16) | 28 (25) | 0.1 |
| Active cancer | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | – |
| Renal disease | 2 (3) | 10 (9) | 0.2 |
| Hypercholesterolemia | 4 (7) | 9 (8) | 0.8 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 6 (10) | 3 (3) | 0.04 |
| Anticoagulation therapy upon ICU admission, n (%) | |||
| LMWH prophylactic | 25 (43) | 25 (23) | 0.005 |
| LMWH high‐intensity prophylactic | 22 (38) | 70 (63) | 0.002 |
| LMWH therapeutic | 4 (7) | 10 (9) | 0.6 |
| UFH therapeutic | 7 (12) | 6 (5) | 0.1 |
| Thrombosis during ICU stay, n (%) | 58 (100) | 0 (0) | – |
| Pulmonary embolism | 47 (81) | – | – |
| Deep vein thrombosis | 5 (9) | – | – |
| Jugular vein thrombosis | 4 (7) | – | – |
| Arterial thrombosis | 3 (5) | – | – |
| Stroke | 2 (3) | – | – |
| Myocardial infarction | 1 (2) | – | – |
| Time between ICU admission and sample availability, days, median (range) | 2 (0–37) | 3 (0–27) | 0.2 |
| Time between ICU admission and thrombotic event, days, median (range) | 10 (1–74) | – | – |
Note: Data of BMI are missing for 4 patients.
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; ICU, intensive care unit; LMWH, low‐molecular‐weight heparin; UFH, unfractionated heparin.
a
Anticoagulants include vitamin K antagonists and therapeutic LMWH.