Table 2.
Global burden of different childhood cancers in 2019.
| Cancers | Subtypes | Sex |
Incidence (95% UI) |
Prevalence (95% UI) |
Death (95% UI) |
DALY (95% UI) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Count | ASIR (per 100,000) | Count | ASPR (per 100,000) | Count | ASDR (per 100,000) | Count | Age-standardized DALY rate (per 100,000) | |||
| Brain and central nervous system cancer | Both | 39932.68(30818.28 to 46720.18) | 2.04(1.57 to 2.38) | 174645.96(135736.86 to 204587.1) | 8.91(6.93 to 10.44) | 19988.32(15399.65 to 23488.92) | 1.02(0.79 to 1.2) | 1666431.54(1287203.73 to 1964915.34) | 85.03(65.68 to 100.26) | |
| Girl | 17675.71(13158.43 to 20776.42) | 1.86(1.39 to 2.19) | 84974.9(62195.09 to 101247.94) | 8.96(6.56 to 10.68) | 8217.52(6304.88 to 9642.08) | 0.87(0.67 to 1.02) | 683871.2(523085.39 to 803542.23) | 72.13(55.17 to 84.76) | ||
| Boy | 22256.97(15992.54 to 27307.38) | 2.2(1.58 to 2.7) | 89671.06(63230.94 to 109152.83) | 8.86(6.25 to 10.79) | 11770.8(8383.43 to 14571.24) | 1.16(0.83 to 1.44) | 982560.34(697329.81 to 1216618.76) | 97.12(68.93 to 120.26) | ||
| Colon and rectum cancer | Both | 1045.95(928.91 to 1167.86) | 0.05(0.05 to 0.06) | 6016.5(5372.81 to 6703.53) | 0.31(0.27 to 0.34) | 468.68(409.84 to 528.59) | 0.02(0.02 to 0.03) | 37651.16(32919.89 to 42604.06) | 1.92(1.68 to 2.17) | |
| Girl | 498.67(437.56 to 559.23) | 0.05(0.05 to 0.06) | 2737.41(2432.97 to 3055.21) | 0.29(0.26 to 0.32) | 225.41(194.38 to 256.42) | 0.02(0.02 to 0.03) | 18055.71(15509.55 to 20574.24) | 1.9(1.64 to 2.17) | ||
| Boy | 547.27(473.09 to 625.71) | 0.05(0.05 to 0.06) | 3279.1(2840.99 to 3742.34) | 0.32(0.28 to 0.37) | 243.27(208.48 to 279.9) | 0.02(0.02 to 0.03) | 19595.45(16746.89 to 22548.64) | 1.94(1.66 to 2.23) | ||
| Hodgkin lymphoma | Both | 4612.98(3691.63 to 5390.26) | 0.24(0.19 to 0.28) | 26443.22(21929 to 30430.65) | 1.35(1.12 to 1.55) | 1728.12(1254.52 to 2101.37) | 0.09(0.06 to 0.11) | 139274.56(100967.31 to 169386.07) | 7.11(5.15 to 8.64) | |
| Girl | 1541.49(1192.67 to 1825.24) | 0.16(0.13 to 0.19) | 10099.02(8077.61 to 11923.3) | 1.07(0.85 to 1.26) | 457.39(310.76 to 576.99) | 0.05(0.03 to 0.06) | 36917.86(25146.57 to 46517.9) | 3.89(2.65 to 4.91) | ||
| Boy | 3071.49(2249.75 to 3795.75) | 0.3(0.22 to 0.38) | 16344.19(12641.32 to 19990.81) | 1.62(1.25 to 1.98) | 1270.72(867.74 to 1636.34) | 0.13(0.09 to 0.16) | 102356.7(69701.41 to 131124.81) | 10.12(6.89 to 12.96) | ||
| Kidney cancer | Both | 12290.89(10539.58 to 14157.48) | 0.63(0.54 to 0.72) | 87149.24(75172.76 to 100004.83) | 4.45(3.84 to 5.1) | 2712.67(2232.78 to 3241.82) | 0.14(0.11 to 0.17) | 234677.39(193009.25 to 280652.88) | 11.97(9.85 to 14.32) | |
| Girl | 6202.57(5340.49 to 7106.01) | 0.65(0.56 to 0.75) | 46054.92(39626.77 to 52958.06) | 4.86(4.18 to 5.59) | 1100.89(948.09 to 1261.88) | 0.12(0.1 to 0.13) | 95452.08(82068.78 to 109419.71) | 10.07(8.66 to 11.54) | ||
| Boy | 6088.32(5112.98 to 7189.89) | 0.6(0.51 to 0.71) | 41094.32(34615.54 to 48195.53) | 4.06(3.42 to 4.76) | 1611.77(1263.83 to 2001.52) | 0.16(0.12 to 0.2) | 139225.31(109055.02 to 173105.84) | 13.76(10.78 to 17.11) | ||
| Leukemia | Total | Both | 106082.25(91352.8 to 123151.35) | 5.41(4.66 to 6.28) | 657563.11(560193.61 to 770510.43) | 33.55(28.59 to 39.32) | 34371.23(29486.26 to 39862.32) | 1.75(1.5 to 2.03) | 2905010.62(2479706.34 to 3374489.69) | 148.24(126.53 to 172.19) |
| Girl | 50253.49(42572.52 to 58960.49) | 5.3(4.49 to 6.22) | 326684.68(270551.94 to 388662.65) | 34.46(28.54 to 41) | 14286.59(12188.03 to 16243.09) | 1.51(1.29 to 1.71) | 1210756.13(1030391.36 to 1381967.23) | 127.71(108.69 to 145.77) | ||
| Boy | 55828.76(45970.42 to 66676.87) | 5.52(4.54 to 6.59) | 330878.43(274439.08 to 405177.79) | 32.71(27.13 to 40.05) | 20084.64(16257.62 to 23847.97) | 1.99(1.61 to 2.36) | 1694254.49(1369307.19 to 2016366.94) | 167.47(135.35 to 199.31) | ||
| Acute lymphoid leukemia | Both | 33898.85(27955.75 to 39249.58) | 1.73(1.43 to 2) | 172648.53(143302.11 to 201255.93) | 8.81(7.31 to 10.27) | 15503.23(12622.8 to 18432.03) | 0.79(0.64 to 0.94) | 1291630.42(1050466.24 to 1539599.85) | 65.91(53.6 to 78.56) | |
| Girl | 14339.96(11276.14 to 17662.17) | 1.51(1.19 to 1.86) | 77698.9(60623.81 to 95823.17) | 8.2(6.39 to 10.11) | 6023.9(4631.95 to 7692.15) | 0.64(0.49 to 0.81) | 502017.96(384196.44 to 645156.01) | 52.95(40.52 to 68.05) | ||
| Boy | 19558.89(15037.39 to 23250.87) | 1.93(1.49 to 2.3) | 94949.63(74098.35 to 114042.4) | 9.39(7.32 to 11.27) | 9479.33(7151.46 to 11441.53) | 0.94(0.71 to 1.13) | 789612.46(593069.98 to 958109.52) | 78.05(58.62 to 94.7) | ||
| Acute myeloid leukemia | Both | 12549.8(10452.38 to 15108.48) | 0.64(0.53 to 0.77) | 31058.47(25662 to 37750.92) | 1.58(1.31 to 1.93) | 7133.74(5987.05 to 8530.04) | 0.36(0.31 to 0.44) | 594716.8(497574.03 to 713624.47) | 30.35(25.39 to 36.41) | |
| Girl | 5491.27(4414.54 to 7041.43) | 0.58(0.47 to 0.74) | 15473.43(12045.22 to 20376.07) | 1.63(1.27 to 2.15) | 2903.57(2370.66 to 3686.49) | 0.31(0.25 to 0.39) | 241031.01(196528.11 to 309039.44) | 25.42(20.73 to 32.6) | ||
| Boy | 7058.52(5341.32 to 9107.39) | 0.7(0.53 to 0.9) | 15585.04(11612.29 to 20252.1) | 1.54(1.15 to 2) | 4230.17(3240.1 to 5472.62) | 0.42(0.32 to 0.54) | 353685.78(270144.37 to 456757.06) | 34.96(26.7 to 45.15) | ||
| Chronic myeloid leukemia | Both | 3309.27(2240.68 to 4986.88) | 0.17(0.11 to 0.25) | 9329.23(6801.09 to 13239.65) | 0.48(0.35 to 0.68) | 1964.5(1284.51 to 3031.38) | 0.1(0.07 to 0.15) | 166325.52(107565.83 to 258378.33) | 8.49(5.49 to 13.18) | |
| Girl | 1314.82(934.36 to 1828.44) | 0.14(0.1 to 0.19) | 3982.78(2977.72 to 5142.66) | 0.42(0.31 to 0.54) | 756.43(498.98 to 1103.92) | 0.08(0.05 to 0.12) | 63665.39(41649.49 to 93711.15) | 6.72(4.39 to 9.88) | ||
| Boy | 1994.46(1171.69 to 3342.7) | 0.2(0.12 to 0.33) | 5346.45(3387.44 to 8525.65) | 0.53(0.33 to 0.84) | 1208.07(695.46 to 2054.53) | 0.12(0.07 to 0.2) | 102660.13(58010.87 to 176106.34) | 10.15(5.73 to 17.41) | ||
| Other leukemia | Both | 56324.33(46771.89 to 68839.35) | 2.87(2.39 to 3.51) | 444526.88(370151.95 to 543686.54) | 22.68(18.89 to 27.74) | 9769.76(7898.45 to 12048.56) | 0.5(0.4 to 0.61) | 852337.89(688008.17 to 1057097.59) | 43.49(35.11 to 53.94) | |
| Girl | 29107.44(21609.33 to 36932.55) | 3.07(2.28 to 3.9) | 229529.57(170843.35 to 289954.6) | 24.21(18.02 to 30.58) | 4602.69(3287.51 to 5901.7) | 0.49(0.35 to 0.62) | 404041.77(285965.51 to 517863.93) | 42.62(30.16 to 54.62) | ||
| Boy | 27216.9(21955.3 to 34464.78) | 2.69(2.17 to 3.41) | 214997.32(172815.85 to 272136.25) | 21.25(17.08 to 26.9) | 5167.07(4175.27 to 6715.65) | 0.51(0.41 to 0.66) | 448296.12(362590.46 to 584832.78) | 44.31(35.84 to 57.81) | ||
| Lip and oral cavity cancer | Both | 1085.75(923.03 to 1268.71) | 0.06(0.05 to 0.06) | 5930.52(5059.31 to 6901.89) | 0.3(0.26 to 0.35) | 336.68(280.12 to 395.72) | 0.02(0.01 to 0.02) | 26907.89(22480.62 to 31513.69) | 1.37(1.15 to 1.61) | |
| Girl | 663.82(551.95 to 786.99) | 0.07(0.06 to 0.08) | 3748.11(3133.24 to 4451.61) | 0.4(0.33 to 0.47) | 189.56(154.48 to 228.24) | 0.02(0.02 to 0.02) | 15167.52(12330.32 to 18220.55) | 1.6(1.3 to 1.92) | ||
| Boy | 421.93(353.38 to 503.32) | 0.04(0.03 to 0.05) | 2182.42(1834.65 to 2610.15) | 0.22(0.18 to 0.26) | 147.12(121.53 to 176.35) | 0.01(0.01 to 0.02) | 11740.37(9702.1 to 14084.32) | 1.16(0.96 to 1.39) | ||
| Liver cancer | Total | Both | 3718.97(2962.31 to 4785.39) | 0.19(0.15 to 0.24) | 5850.74(4354.24 to 7849.8) | 0.3(0.22 to 0.4) | 3289.71(2673.07 to 3938.99) | 0.17(0.14 to 0.2) | 274538.2(222377.62 to 330244.74) | 14.01(11.35 to 16.85) |
| Girl | 1704.16(1314.04 to 2194.89) | 0.18(0.14 to 0.23) | 2776.53(2022.71 to 3744.11) | 0.29(0.21 to 0.39) | 1530.2(1199.55 to 1876.35) | 0.16(0.13 to 0.2) | 128243.56(100199.41 to 157558.28) | 13.53(10.57 to 16.62) | ||
| Boy | 2014.81(1606.85 to 2676.88) | 0.2(0.16 to 0.26) | 3074.22(2314.47 to 4122.71) | 0.3(0.23 to 0.41) | 1759.51(1413.94 to 2120.99) | 0.17(0.14 to 0.21) | 146294.64(116795.81 to 177602.79) | 14.46(11.54 to 17.56) | ||
| Liver cancer due to hepatitis B | Both | 557.28(431.1 to 705.77) | 0.03(0.02 to 0.04) | 978.06(761.24 to 1234.24) | 0.05(0.04 to 0.06) | 338.26(258.03 to 431.66) | 0.02(0.01 to 0.02) | 25987.69(19832.44 to 33124.62) | 1.33(1.01 to 1.69) | |
| Girl | 146.22(105.51 to 197.5) | 0.02(0.01 to 0.02) | 262.43(192.99 to 351.82) | 0.03(0.02 to 0.04) | 92.72(65.61 to 126.12) | 0.01(0.01 to 0.01) | 7123.38(5044.12 to 9685.06) | 0.75(0.53 to 1.02) | ||
| Boy | 411.06(323.51 to 521.57) | 0.04(0.03 to 0.05) | 715.63(565.95 to 902.28) | 0.07(0.06 to 0.09) | 245.54(189.38 to 314.29) | 0.02(0.02 to 0.03) | 18864.31(14538.17 to 24134.76) | 1.86(1.44 to 2.39) | ||
| Liver cancer due to hepatitis C | Both | 18.04(9.55 to 32.04) | 0(0 to 0) | 32.21(17.31 to 56.57) | 0(0 to 0) | 12.17(5.93 to 23.09) | 0(0 to 0) | 934.7(456 to 1770.57) | 0.05(0.02 to 0.09) | |
| Girl | 8.6(4.56 to 15.09) | 0(0 to 0) | 15.45(8.27 to 26.82) | 0(0 to 0) | 6.52(3.39 to 11.65) | 0(0 to 0) | 500.16(260.46 to 894.75) | 0.05(0.03 to 0.09) | ||
| Boy | 9.43(4.75 to 17.07) | 0(0 to 0) | 16.76(8.71 to 29.85) | 0(0 to 0) | 5.66(2.34 to 11.49) | 0(0 to 0) | 434.54(180.47 to 882.54) | 0.04(0.02 to 0.09) | ||
| Liver cancer due to other causes | Both | 3143.65(2431.36 to 4121.66) | 0.16(0.12 to 0.21) | 4840.48(3416.07 to 6827.28) | 0.25(0.17 to 0.35) | 2939.27(2354.87 to 3566.06) | 0.15(0.12 to 0.18) | 247615.81(197534.22 to 301311.93) | 12.64(10.08 to 15.38) | |
| Girl | 1549.33(1179.98 to 2023.76) | 0.16(0.12 to 0.21) | 2498.65(1743.65 to 3482.44) | 0.26(0.18 to 0.37) | 1430.96(1113.12 to 1763.82) | 0.15(0.12 to 0.19) | 120620.01(93575.04 to 149246.83) | 12.72(9.87 to 15.74) | ||
| Boy | 1594.32(1226.92 to 2195.53) | 0.16(0.12 to 0.22) | 2341.83(1650.08 to 3393.88) | 0.23(0.16 to 0.34) | 1508.31(1198.72 to 1845.05) | 0.15(0.12 to 0.18) | 126995.79(100543.93 to 155366.94) | 12.55(9.94 to 15.36) | ||
| Malignant skin melanoma | Both | 1829.41(1154.92 to 3411.94) | 0.09(0.06 to 0.17) | 14860.13(9088.48 to 29155.69) | 0.76(0.46 to 1.49) | 289.89(212.49 to 443.93) | 0.01(0.01 to 0.02) | 24832.81(17814.51 to 38239.23) | 1.27(0.91 to 1.95) | |
| Girl | 1070(611.24 to 1956.99) | 0.11(0.06 to 0.21) | 9008.71(4959.02 to 16932.47) | 0.95(0.52 to 1.79) | 137.95(99.13 to 214.19) | 0.01(0.01 to 0.02) | 11934.91(8371.17 to 19148.51) | 1.26(0.88 to 2.02) | ||
| Boy | 759.41(495.57 to 2040.11) | 0.08(0.05 to 0.2) | 5851.42(3760.31 to 17376.22) | 0.58(0.37 to 1.72) | 151.95(105.18 to 277.7) | 0.02(0.01 to 0.03) | 12897.91(8815.73 to 23967.53) | 1.27(0.87 to 2.37) | ||
| Nasopharynx cancer | Both | 1119.89(994.15 to 1251.81) | 0.06(0.05 to 0.06) | 6301.74(5638 to 7038.31) | 0.32(0.29 to 0.36) | 437.87(374.77 to 503.38) | 0.02(0.02 to 0.03) | 34736.47(29805.47 to 39827.45) | 1.77(1.52 to 2.03) | |
| Girl | 481.05(424.24 to 541.25) | 0.05(0.04 to 0.06) | 2787.05(2481.13 to 3127.38) | 0.29(0.26 to 0.33) | 164.36(136.9 to 194.27) | 0.02(0.01 to 0.02) | 13090.3(10943.64 to 15475.21) | 1.38(1.15 to 1.63) | ||
| Boy | 638.84(547.34 to 753.9) | 0.06(0.05 to 0.07) | 3514.68(3003.5 to 4155.61) | 0.35(0.3 to 0.41) | 273.51(230.32 to 324.1) | 0.03(0.02 to 0.03) | 21646.17(18271.4 to 25641.03) | 2.14(1.81 to 2.53) | ||
| Non-Hodgkin lymphoma | Both | 14792.67(12072.59 to 18722.38) | 0.75(0.62 to 0.96) | 26551.9(20517.9 to 33518.96) | 1.35(1.05 to 1.71) | 5825.11(5052 to 6688.4) | 0.3(0.26 to 0.34) | 482430.01(418444.58 to 553689.66) | 24.62(21.35 to 28.25) | |
| Girl | 5359.35(4297.12 to 6719.57) | 0.57(0.45 to 0.71) | 3336.89(2093.98 to 5136.9) | 0.35(0.22 to 0.54) | 2083.84(1797.8 to 2401.87) | 0.22(0.19 to 0.25) | 172342.48(148925.07 to 198152.88) | 18.18(15.71 to 20.9) | ||
| Boy | 9433.32(7732.26 to 11887.43) | 0.93(0.76 to 1.18) | 23215(18118.75 to 29391.52) | 2.29(1.79 to 2.91) | 3741.26(3221.12 to 4346.19) | 0.37(0.32 to 0.43) | 310087.53(266397.25 to 360193.96) | 30.65(26.33 to 35.6) | ||
| Other malignant neoplasms | Both | 80604.32(71268 to 92038.42) | 4.11(3.64 to 4.7) | 531221.74(461520.37 to 619863.6) | 27.11(23.55 to 31.63) | 27913.56(23421.58 to 32944.7) | 1.42(1.2 to 1.68) | 2346447.92(1965435.5 to 2775193.82) | 119.73(100.29 to 141.61) | |
| Girl | 44181.75(39014.45 to 50294.68) | 4.66(4.12 to 5.31) | 297330.12(260511.07 to 344885.97) | 31.36(27.48 to 36.38) | 12284.9(10389.11 to 14742.24) | 1.3(1.1 to 1.56) | 1033732.33(873530.61 to 1239676.39) | 109.04(92.14 to 130.76) | ||
| Boy | 36422.57(30789.23 to 42819.95) | 3.6(3.04 to 4.23) | 233891.61(193443.81 to 282781.58) | 23.12(19.12 to 27.95) | 15628.66(12877.71 to 18675.06) | 1.54(1.27 to 1.85) | 1312715.6(1079167.31 to 1574185.59) | 129.76(106.67 to 155.6) | ||
| Ovarian cancer | Both | 2512.34(2057.64 to 3032.04) | 0.13(0.1 to 0.15) | 17151.82(14031.61 to 20593.02) | 0.88(0.72 to 1.05) | 537.67(435.83 to 661.62) | 0.03(0.02 to 0.03) | 43335.58(35221.16 to 53336.66) | 2.21(1.8 to 2.72) | |
| Girl | 2512.34(2057.64 to 3032.04) | 0.27(0.22 to 0.32) | 17151.82(14031.61 to 20593.02) | 1.81(1.48 to 2.17) | 537.67(435.83 to 661.62) | 0.06(0.05 to 0.07) | 43335.58(35221.16 to 53336.66) | 4.57(3.72 to 5.63) | ||
| Boy | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||
| Testicular cancer | Both | 19053.23(8524.9 to 32528.23) | 0.97(0.44 to 1.66) | 144776.67(58191.66 to 260600.81) | 7.39(2.97 to 13.3) | 526.68(390.13 to 925.54) | 0.03(0.02 to 0.05) | 53259.16(39910.82 to 88520.34) | 2.72(2.04 to 4.52) | |
| Girl | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||
| Boy | 19053.23(8524.9 to 32528.23) | 1.88(0.84 to 3.22) | 144776.67(58191.66 to 260600.81) | 14.31(5.75 to 25.76) | 526.68(390.13 to 925.54) | 0.05(0.04 to 0.09) | 53259.16(39910.82 to 88520.34) | 5.26(3.94 to 8.75) | ||
| Thyroid cancer | Both | 2356.08(2090.89 to 2632.29) | 0.12(0.11 to 0.13) | 21112.83(18705.31 to 23572.4) | 1.08(0.95 to 1.2) | 198.67(173.88 to 225.86) | 0.01(0.01 to 0.01) | 16864.72(14720.79 to 19145.17) | 0.86(0.75 to 0.98) | |
| Girl | 1497.98(1304.32 to 1703.8) | 0.16(0.14 to 0.18) | 13557.36(11802.61 to 15414.02) | 1.43(1.24 to 1.63) | 95.13(81.66 to 110.2) | 0.01(0.01 to 0.01) | 8261.68(7114.36 to 9638.84) | 0.87(0.75 to 1.02) | ||
| Boy | 858.1(743.43 to 983.64) | 0.08(0.07 to 0.1) | 7555.46(6554.01 to 8661.13) | 0.75(0.65 to 0.86) | 103.53(88.61 to 119.84) | 0.01(0.01 to 0.01) | 8603.04(7344.58 to 9947.05) | 0.85(0.73 to 0.98) | ||
| Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer | Both | 281.46(247.6 to 320.7) | 0.01(0.01 to 0.02) | 516.99(456.72 to 583.08) | 0.03(0.02 to 0.03) | 209.28(184.19 to 237.05) | 0.01(0.01 to 0.01) | 16065.79(14127.22 to 18208.64) | 0.82(0.72 to 0.93) | |
| Girl | 141.09(123.08 to 161.06) | 0.01(0.01 to 0.02) | 270.72(237.42 to 306.31) | 0.03(0.03 to 0.03) | 103.15(88.94 to 118.27) | 0.01(0.01 to 0.01) | 7920.93(6831.28 to 9084.78) | 0.84(0.72 to 0.96) | ||
| Boy | 140.37(119.71 to 162.67) | 0.01(0.01 to 0.02) | 246.27(210.39 to 283.6) | 0.02(0.02 to 0.03) | 106.13(91.09 to 123.94) | 0.01(0.01 to 0.01) | 8144.86(6988.29 to 9501.26) | 0.81(0.69 to 0.94) | ||
Abbreviations: UI uncertainty interval; ASIR age-standardized incidence rate; ASDR age-standardized death rate; ASPR age-standardized prevalence rate; DALYs disability-adjusted life-years.