Table 2. ED Visits for CHS in Ontario, Canada, by Period.
| Measure | Prelegalization, a | Legalizationb | Commercializationc |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total visits, No. (% all-cause vomiting meeting CHS criteria) | |||
| All-cause vomiting, No.d | 178 523 | 58 407 | 49 018 |
| CHSe | 4265 (2.4) | 3086 (5.3) | 5515 (11.3) |
| CHS sensitive definitionf | 11 444 (6.4) | 7003 (12.0) | 11 069 (22.6) |
| ED visits, monthly mean rate (SD), per 100 000 individuals | |||
| All-cause vomitingd | 25.8 (2.1) | 27.1 (2.0) | 23.9 (4.0) |
| CHSe | 0.6 (0.3) | 1.4 (0.2) | 2.7 (0.5) |
| CHS sensitive definitionf | 1.6 (0.7) | 3.2 (0.4) | 5.4 (1.0) |
| CHS ED visits, monthly mean rate (SD), per 100 000 individualse | |||
| Men | 0.7 (0.3) | 1.5 (0.2) | 2.5 (0.4) |
| Women | 0.6 (0.3) | 1.4 (0.2) | 2.9 (0.7) |
| Age, y | |||
| 15-18 | 1.5 (0.9) | 3.9 (1.3) | 5.7 (1.6) |
| 19-24 | 2.6 (1.3) | 5.7 (0.6) | 10.8 (2.2) |
| 25-44 | 0.8 (0.5) | 1.9 (0.4) | 3.9 (0.9) |
| ≥45 | 0.1 (0.1) | 0.2 (0.1) | 0.4 (0.2) |
| Neighborhood income Q1 | 1.0 (0.6) | 2.3 (0.4) | 4.4 (0.8) |
| Neighborhood income Q5 | 0.4 (0.3) | 0.9 (0.3) | 1.7 (0.5) |
| CHS ED visits resulting in admission to hospital, No. (%)e | |||
| Incident visits | 315 (10.4) | 183 (7.8) | 216 (5.7) |
| All visits | 487 (11.4) | 269 (8.7) | 379 (6.9) |
| CTAS score of CHS ED visits, No. (%)e | |||
| Median (IQR) | 3 (3-3) | 3 (2-3) | 3 (2-3) |
| 1 (resuscitation) | 7 (0.2) | ≤5 (0.1) | 8 (0.1) |
| 2 (emergent) | 983 (23.0) | 801 (26.0) | 1372 (24.9) |
| 3 (urgent) | 2722 (63.8) | 1827 (59.2) | 3380 (61.3) |
| 4 (less urgent) | 504 (11.8) | 367 (11.9) | 600 (10.9) |
| 5 (non-urgent) | 46 (1.1) | 87 (2.8) | 150 (2.7) |
| Missing | ≤5 (0.1) | ≤5 (0.1) | ≤5 (0.1) |
| Recurrent CHS ED visits in 6 mo after incident visit, No. (%)b | |||
| 0 | 2639 (87.2) | 1969 (83.8) | 1852 (78.1) |
| 1 | 293 (9.7) | 272 (11.6) | 323 (13.6) |
| 2 | 67 (2.2) | 63 (2.7) | 117 (4.9) |
| 3 | 19 (0.6) | 26 (1.1) | 42 (1.8) |
| ≥4 | 10 (0.3) | 19 (0.8) | 37 (1.6) |
Abbreviations: CHS, cannabis hyperemesis syndrome; ED, emergency department.
Defined as June 2014 to September 2018 (57 months).
Defined as October 2018 to February 2020 (17 months).
Defined as March 2020 to May 2021 (16 months), which overlapped with the COVID-19 pandemic.
Defined as International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10-CA) code R11 as the most responsible diagnosis.
Defined as ICD-10-CA code R11 as the most responsible diagnosis with a codiagnosis of code F12 or T40.7.
Defined as ICD-10-CA code R11 as the most responsible diagnosis with a codiagnosis of code F12 or T40.7 or with another ED visit with a diagnosis code F12 or T40.7 in the 6 months before or after the vomiting (R11) ED visit.