Table 2.
Results from multi-level linear spline regression models predicting levels of PA (males).
| Model 1: Base |
Model 2: Controls |
Model 3: Income |
Model 4: Family |
Model 5: School |
Model 5: Neighbourhood |
Model 5: Fully adjusted |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PA (s.e) | PA (s.e) | PA (s.e) | PA (s.e) | PA (s.e) | PA (s.e) | PA (s.e) | |
| Maternal education level | |||||||
| junior cert. (vs. degree) | −8.59*** (2.24) | −7.62*** (2.19) | −5.63* (2.24) | −3.84 (2.14) | −7.90*** (2.20) | −7.50*** (2.20) | −3.05 (2.19) |
| leaving cert. (vs. degree) | −7.55*** (2.09) | −6.14** (2.05) | −4.91* (2.06) | −5.55** (1.99) | −6.25** (2.05) | −6.01** (2.05) | −4.94*(2.00) |
| higher diploma (vs. degree) | −2.37 (2.43) | −1.07 (2.38) | −0.29 (2.38) | −0.23 (2.31) | −1.16 (2.38) | −0.98 (2.38) | 0.02 (2.31) |
| Age in years | |||||||
| 13 (vs. 9) | −27.19*** (2.15) | −27.28*** (2.15) | −27.48*** (2.15) | −26.23*** (2.16) | −27.07*** (2.16) | −27.27*** (2.15) | −26.28*** (2.17) |
| 17/18 (vs.9) | −34.86*** (2.15) | −35.19*** (2.15) | −35.40*** (2.15) | −31.56*** (2.17) | −34.99*** (2.15) | −35.19*** (2.15) | −31.72***(2.18) |
| Maternal Education#Age | |||||||
| junior cert.#13 | −6.83* (2.82) | −6.44* (2.82) | −6.18* (2.82) | −5.48 (2.83) | −6.19* (2.82) | −6.40* (2.82) | −4.99 (2.83) |
| junior cert.#17/18 | 5.79* (2.83) | 6.16* (2.83) | 6.40* (2.83) | 7.04* (2.84) | 6.42* (2.83) | 6.16* (2.83) | 7.56** (2.84) |
| leaving cert.#13 | −2.91 (2.64) | −3.06 (2.63) | −2.86 (2.63) | −0.63 (2.64) | −2.79 (2.63) | −3.20 (2.63) | −0.29 (2.64) |
| leaving cert.#17/18 | 1.46 (2.63) | 1.86 (2.63) | 2.00 (2.63) | 3.75 (2.64) | 2.14 (2.63) | 1.75 (2.63) | 4.02 (2.64) |
| diploma#13 | −2.85 (3.07) | −3.50 (3.07) | −3.19 (3.07) | −2.20 (3.08) | −3.26 (3.07) | −3.65 (3.07) | −1.80 (3.08) |
| diploma#17/18 | 0.64 (3.08) | 0.42 (3.07) | 0.51 (3.07) | 0.52 (3.08) | 0.69 (3.07) | 0.30 (3.07) | 0.71 (3.08) |
| Child chronic illness | |||||||
| no (vs. yes) | −5.93*** (1.39) | −5.78*** (1.38) | −4.62*** (1.35) | −5.85*** (1.39) | −5.84*** (1.39) | −4.37**(1.34) | |
| Personality | |||||||
| agreeableness | −1.30** (0.46) | −1.28** (0.46) | −1.10** (0.43) | −1.33** (0.46) | −1.31** (0.46) | −1.06*(0.42) | |
| conscientiousness | 0.83 (0.43) | 0.86* (0.42) | 0.24 (0.40) | 0.84* (0.43) | 0.83 (0.43) | 0.30 (0.39) | |
| emotional stability | 1.97*** (0.40) | 1.99*** (0.40) | 1.53*** (0.37) | 1.99*** (0.40) | 1.98*** 0.4 | 1.59***(0.37) | |
| extraversion | 4.11*** (0.39) | 4.06*** (0.39) | 3.16*** (0.36) | 4.11*** (0.39) | 4.09*** (0.39) | 3.15***(0.36) | |
| openness to experience | −0.04 (0.49) | 0.08 (0.49) | 0.42 (0.46) | −0.02 (0.49) | −0.02 (0.49) | 0.56 (0.45) | |
| Child BMI | |||||||
| overweight (vs normal) | −3.46** (1.12) | −3.50** (1.12) | −2.70* (1.08) | −3.50** (1.12) | −3.50** (1.12) | −2.68*(1.08) | |
| obese (vs. normal) | −16.57*** (1.96) | −16.64*** (1.95) | −14.27*** (1.89) | −16.50*** (1.96) | −16.61*** (1.96) | −14.20***(1.89) | |
| missing (vs. normal) | −7.88*** (2.39) | −8.01*** (2.38) | −6.72** (2.34) | −7.99*** (2.39) | −7.94*** (2.39) | −6.93**(2.34) | |
| Region | |||||||
| rural (vs urban) | −4.58*** (0.96) | −4.09*** (0.96) | −5.60*** (0.89) | −3.74*** (1.01) | −4.43*** (0.99) | −3.94***(0.96) | |
| lowest (vs. highest) | −5.60*** (1.54) | −3.17*(1.49) | |||||
| 2nd (vs. highest) | −4.50** (1.46) | −2.08 (1.41) | |||||
| 3rd (vs. highest) | −6.18*** (1.42) | −4.81***(1.37) | |||||
| 4th (vs. highest) | −1.00 (1.36) | 0.25 (1.32) | |||||
| missing (vs. highest) | −0.23 (1.80) | 0.68 (1.75) | |||||
| Maternal PA | |||||||
| fairly (vs. very physically active) | −1.91 (1.12) | −1.61 (1.12) | |||||
| not very (vs. very physically active) | −4.73***(1.39) | −4.36**(1.39) | |||||
| not (vs. very physically active) | −12.97***(2.48) | −13.04***(2.48) | |||||
| Enrichment activities | −0.07 (0.59) | −0.1 (0.59) | |||||
| Organised sport | 20.10***(1.07) | 20.04***(1.07) | |||||
| Unstructured activities | −0.02***(0.00) | −0.02***(0.00) | |||||
| School sporting facilities | |||||||
| excellent/good (vs. poor/fair) | −0.21 (0.93) | −0.25-0.89 | |||||
| School commute | |||||||
| bus (vs. active commute) | −3.77** (1.30) | −4.23***(1.25) | |||||
| car (vs. active commute) | −1.38 (1.13) | −2.28*(1.09) | |||||
| Perceiveddisorder | 0.39 (0.70) | 0.79 (0.69) | |||||
| Perceivedsafety | 2.13** (0.69) | 1.68* (0.67) | |||||
| Constant | 122.36*** (1.71) | 98.58*** (4.16) | 99.54*** (4.17) | 92.24*** (4.10) | 99.62*** (4.21) | 91.50*** (4.98) | 86.59***(4.99) |
| Observations | 8,494 | 8,494 | 8,494 | 8,494 | 8,494 | 8,494 | 8,494 |
| Number of id | 2,915 | 2,915 | 2,915 | 2,915 | 2,915 | 2,915 | 2,915 |
| Controls | YES | YES | YES | YES | YES | YES | YES |
Standard errors in parentheses.
***p < 0.001, **p < 0.01, *p < 0.05.