Table 1.

Effects of environmental and developmental cues on seed oil biosynthesis.

Environmental and developmental cues	Effect on seed oil biosynthesis	Species	Reference(s)
High light intensity	Increases seed oil content Increases oleic acid content	Brassica napus, Arabidopsis thaliana, Zea mays, Helianthus annuus	Goffman et al., 2005; Ruuska et al., 2004; Schwender et al., 2004; Karki and Bates, 2018; Li et al., 2006; Andrade and Ferreiro, 1996; de la Vega et al., 2001; Singer et al., 2016; Seiler, 1986
High temperature	Reduces seed oil content Reduces unsaturated fatty acid content	Glycine max, Helianthus annuus, Brassica napus, Linum usitatissimum, Glycine max	Canvin, 1965; Carrera et al., 2009; Harris et al., 1978; Singer et al., 2016; Schulte et al., 2013; Wolf et al., 1982
Drought	Reduces seed oil content Increases oleic acid content, reduces linoleic acid content	Helianthus annuus, Glycine max, Brassica napus	Singer et al., 2016
Salinity	Reduces seed oil content Increases oleic acid content, reduces linoleic acid and/or linolenic acid content	Helianthus annuus, Carthamus tinctorius L., Gossypium hirsutum	Singer et al., 2016
Gibberellins	Alter seed oil content Modify fatty acid composition	Arabidopsis thaliana	Cao et al., 2006; Chen et al., 2012b; Zentella et al., 2007
Auxin and jasmonates	Alter seed oil content Modify fatty acid composition	Brassica napus	Niu et al., 2009