Fig. 3.

Molecular mechanisms and cellular pathways of hyperoxia. Through an increased production of reactive oxygen species, hyperoxia dysregulates signaling pathways and promotes epigenetic modifications, resulting in altered gene expression, and ultimately leading to senescence, inflammation, and death. In the mitochondria, hyperoxia inhibits respiration and promotes cardiolipin oxidation and cytochrome c release, further contributing to the induction of cell death pathways. Created with BioRender.com