Table 2.
Multivariable regression analysis for HOMA-IR in middle-aged women (n=3,468)
| Variable | HOMA-IR | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Estimate | 95% CI | P-value | |
| Trunk fat percentage | 0.02 | 0.01 to 0.03 | 0.003 |
| Leg fat percentage | −0.03 | −0.04 to −0.02 | <0.001 |
| Age | −0.02 | −0.03 to −0.01 | 0.003 |
| BMI | 0.09 | 0.06 to 0.11 | <0.001 |
| Waist circumference | 0.02 | 0.01 to 0.03 | 0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 1.18 | 0.98 to 1.38 | <0.001 |
| Intensive physical activity | −0.13 | −0.24 to −0.02 | 0.024 |
| HDL-C | −0.01 | −0.01 to 0.00 | 0.016 |
| Triglycerides | 0.00 | 0.00 to 0.00 | <0.001 |
| Alcohol, ≥1 time per month | −0.10 | −0.18 to −0.01 | 0.026 |
| Menopause | −0.01 | −0.14 to 0.13 | 0.888 |
| Parity | 0.01 | −0.01 to 0.04 | 0.337 |
| Arm fat percentage | 0.00 | −0.01 to 0.01 | 0.546 |
| Hypertension | 0.11 | −0.01 to 0.24 | 0.081 |
| Dyslipidemia | 0.07 | −0.06 to 0.21 | 0.293 |
| Menopausal hormone therapy | 0.03 | −0.11 to 0.17 | 0.682 |
| Oral contraceptive use | 0.00 | −0.11 to 0.11 | 0.991 |
| Moderate physical activity | −0.07 | −0.19 to 0.04 | 0.199 |
| Walking activity | −0.04 | −0.12 to 0.04 | 0.356 |
| Current smoking | −0.15 | −0.35 to 0.06 | 0.162 |
| Total cholesterol | 0.00 | 0.00 to 0.00 | 0.379 |
| Systolic BP | 0.00 | 0.00 to 0.01 | 0.097 |
| Diastolic BP | 0.00 | −0.01 to 0.01 | 0.678 |
| High carbohydrate uptake | −0.01 | −0.09 to 0.08 | 0.900 |
| High fat uptake | −0.02 | −0.10 to 0.06 | 0.655 |
| Household income levels | |||
| 1st quartile | 0.06 | −0.05 to 0.18 | 0.302 |
| 2nd quartile | Reference | - | - |
| 3rd quartile | 0.01 | −0.10 to 0.12 | 0.833 |
| 4th quartile | −0.02 | −0.13 to 0.10 | 0.797 |
| Education levels | |||
| ≤Elementary school | Reference | - | - |
| Middle or high school | 0.03 | −0.08 to 0.15 | 0.559 |
| University graduate | 0.11 | −0.04 to 0.27 | 0.147 |
The statistically significant determinants are presented at the upper rows of this table.
HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; CI, confidence interval; BMI, body mass index; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; BP, blood pressure.