Table 2.
Blood glucose concentrations from GDM screening and diagnostic tests stratified by AHEI-2010 quartile*.
| Test type | Glucose (mg/dl) | AHEI Q1 | AHEI Q2 | AHEI Q3 | AHEI Q4 | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 50g glucose challenge test (N = 6845) | ||||||
| 1-hr blood glucose | 110.8 ± 29.1 | 110.9 ± 27.5 | 109.3 ± 27.5 | 111.9 ± 28.1 | 111.0 ± 30.6 | 0.075 |
| 3-hr 100g GTT (N = 1116) | ||||||
| Fasting blood glucose | 81.0 ± 12.4 | 82.9 ± 13.7a | 81.3 ± 11.2 | 79.8 ± 11.9b | 79.8 ± 12.5b | 0.009 |
| 1-hr blood glucose | 155.5 ± 31.8 | 158.1 ± 13.7 | 153.8 ± 31.0 | 157.6 ± 31.3 | 152.6 ± 30.6 | 0.105 |
| 2-hr blood glucose | 136.5 ± 31.8 | 137.5 ± 33.3 | 136.9 ± 31.2 | 139.1 ± 31.7 | 132.6 ± 30.8 | 0.100 |
| 3-hr blood glucose | 106.3 ± 30.8 | 107.8 ± 31.3 | 107.4 ± 30.1 | 106.8 ± 29.4 | 103.3 ± 32.1 | 0.287 |
| 2-hr 75g GTT (N = 569) | ||||||
| Fasting blood glucose | 75.4 ± 7.7 | 76.4 ± 7.5 | 75.4 ± 7.4 | 75.5 ± 8.5 | 74.4 ± 7.1 | 0.178 |
| 1-hr blood glucose | 118.8 ± 29.6 | 121.5 ± 28.9 | 121.6 ± 30.0 | 118.9 ± 28.8 | 113.4 ± 30.0 | 0.065 |
| 2-hr blood glucose | 102.3 ± 23.9 | 104.1 ± 24.0 | 104.5 ± 24.6a | 97.8 ± 22.0b | 98.7 ± 24.2 | 0.027 |
*AHEI-2010 quartiles computed separately for each subset of participants according to GDM screening or diagnostic testing method. Different superscript letters indicate significant difference between specific AHEI quartiles, assessed by post-hoc Tukey’s test. AHEI, Alternative Healthy Eating Index; GTT, glucose tolerance test.