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. 2022 Sep 19;20:419. doi: 10.1186/s12951-022-01629-w

Scheme 1.

Scheme 1

Illustration of MSN-OL for treatment of OA. Inspired by oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis, a novel antioxidant, OL was loaded in the mesoporous silica nanoparticles, which was modified with methoxy polyethylene glycol-thioketal to gain the ROS-responsive ability. MSN-OL could be easily uptake by chondrocytes, and releases OL when the cells are injured and in a state of hyperoxidation. MSN-OL can further activate Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway and exhibit antioxidant and anti-apoptotic ability