Table 2.

Agroecology and socio-demography of the study area

Name of the study villages	Altitude range	Socio-demographics			Type of agro-ecology exist
		Population	Ethnicity in %	Religion in %
Gedbak	1324–1731	1672	Hamar = 70 Kara = 16 Erbore = 9 Other = 5	Christian = 20 Muslim = 3 Others = 77	Mainly low land
Zegerma	982–1521	1622	Hamar = 82 Kara = 11 Erbore = 5 Other = 2	Christian = 18 Muslim = 7 Others = 75	Lowland with some escarpment
Kufar	1126–1845	1822	Hamar = 76 Kara = 7 Erbore = 6 Other = 11	Christian = 14 Muslim = 1 Others = 85	Lowland with some escarpment
Lala	1322–2100	2086	Hamar = 90 Kara = 5 Erbore = 2 Other = 3	Christian = 26 Muslim = 5 Others = 69	Vast majority of the village is highland and mountainous
Bonkolelagi	1141–1760	1760	Hamar = 64 Kara = 19 Erbore = 12 Other = 5	Christian = 14 Muslim = 2 Others = 84	Lowland and cliffy
Bonkolecherkeka	1029–1974	1985	Hamar = 69 Kara = 10 Erbore = 15 Other = 6	Christian = 8 Muslim = 1 Others = 91	Lowland with some escarpment
Achikunbulti	856–1923	1684	Hamar = 66 Kara = 16 Erbore = 14 Other = 4	Christian = 15 Muslim = 2 Others = 83	Relatively highland and mountainous
Shanko	1213–2005	1897	Hamar = 74 Kara = 11 Erbore = 9 Other = 6	Christian = 20 Muslim = 3 Others = 77	Relatively highland
Dimeka zuriya	1120–1867	2174	Hamar = 60 Kara = 8 Erbore = 12 Other = 20	Christian = 35 Muslim = 10 Others = 55	Lowland with some escarpments and is where the district's central town is located
Wero	1006–1685	1948	Hamar = 65 Kara = 18 Erbore = 10 Other = 7	Christian = 12 Muslim = 1 Others = 87	Lowland with some escarpment
Degakeja	1230–1952	1496	Hamar = 68 Kara = 17 Erbore = 13 Other = 2	Christian = 19 Muslim = 3 Others = 88	Lowland with most escarpment coverage
Erbore	380–1654	1468	Hamar = 11 Kara = 14 Erbore = 68 Other = 6	Christian = 22 Muslim = 5 Others = 83	The village in the study with the hottest climate and the lowest altitudinal range

Key: Religion ‘others’ = Cultural, Total population 20,146