Figure 2.

The effect of punicalagin on the production of IL-6 and the activation of STAT3 in LPS-induced BV2 cells. Cells were pre-treated with punicalagin (0, 25, 50, 75, 100 μM) for 30 mins and then treated with LPS (1 μg/mL) for 24 h. (A) The level of IL-6 was measured by ELISA. The data are presented as the means ± SD of three independent experiments. Statistical significance was assessed by one-way ANOVA represented as follows: ***p < 0.001 vs LPS alone. Cells were pre-treated with punicalagin (0, 25, 50, 75, 100 μM) for 30 min and then treated with LPS (1 μg/mL) for 2 h. The expression of phospho-STAT3 and STAT3 was determined by Western blot. The representative images are shown in (B) and the quantitative results of three independent experiments shown in (C). β-actin was used as a loading control. Statistical significance was indicated as ***p <0.001.