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. 2022 Sep 19;14(1):e12346. doi: 10.1002/dad2.12346

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© 2022 The Authors. Alzheimer's & Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment & Disease Monitoring published by Wiley Periodicals, LLC on behalf of Alzheimer's Association.

This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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TNF‐α mediates relationship between IL12‐p40 and IL‐9. The figure depicts the relationship between the independent, mediator, and dependent variables. The mediation analysis partitions the total effect of the predictor into a part that is independent of the mediating variable (direct effect) and a part that is accounted for via the mediating variable (indirect effect). a represents the “a” path and b represents the “b” path. A bootstrapped mediation analysis revealed that TNF‐α significantly mediated the relationship between neuroinflammatory cytokines IL12‐p40 (independent) and IL‐9 (dependent) variables