Table 1.

Summary of studies using EXOs/EVs as biomarkers for DIC diagnosis.

EVs type	Component	Parts of EXOs/EVs	Study model	DOX administration	Distribution	Ref
EXOs	circ-SKA3	circRNA	Human cardiomyocyte-like AC16 cells	5 μM for 24 h	—	[110]
EVs	PYGB	Protein	Male C57BL/6J mice	20 mg/kg, IP; a single dose	Serum	[107]
EXOs	miR-502	miRNA	Dogs diagnosed with sarcoma	30 mg/m2 for dogs > 15 kg and 1 mg/kg for dogs < 15 kg, IV; 2 to 3 weeks for 5 injections	Serum	[109]

EXOs: exosomes; EVs: extracellular vesicles; PYGB: brain/heart glycogen phosphorylase; IP: intraperitoneal injection; IV: intravenous injection.