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. 2022 Mar 7;36(10):7486–7493. doi: 10.1007/s00464-022-09171-4

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — Post-endoscopic submucosal dissection clinical pathway. After endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), the patients were under fasting conditions, and maintenance fluid replacements were administered. Carbazochrome sodium sulfonate (CSS) (100 mg/day) was intravenously infused with maintenance fluid replacement on postoperative days 0–2 from November 2014 to March 2019. Maintenance fluid replacement without CSS was utilized from April 2019 to April 2021. Regarding the gastric acid-suppressing agents, intravenous proton pump inhibitor (PPI) was injected on postoperative days 0–1 and then the PPI or potassium-competitive acid blocker (P-CAB) was administered on and after postoperative day 2. Oral intake was reintroduced on postoperative day 2. The patients were discharged from our hospital on postoperative days 4–6.