Table 1.

Characteristics of included studies (routine IOC vs selective IOC)

Study	Study design	Centre(s)	Type of procedure	Comparison	Number of patients (female %, mean age ± SD)	Number of SIOC (n)	Outcomes	Follow-up
Alkhaffaf et al. 2011	Prospective cohort	Multicentric (4) in UK	LC	Routine IOC	463(80%, 47.8 ± 14.8)	-	BDI, conversion rate to open surgery, LOHS	N/A
				Selective IOC	1159(80%, 50.2 ± 15.7)	263
Amott et al. 2005	Quasi-randomized trial	Single centre in Australia	LC	routine IOC	148	-	BDI, retained stone rate, success rate of IOC, operation time	N/A
				Selective IOC	155	45
Buddingh et al. 2011	Retrospective cohort	Single centre in the Netherlands	Cholecystectomy	Routine IOC	435 (63.9%, 53 ± 17)	-	BDI, conversion rate to open surgery, success rate of IOC, operation time	N/A
				Selective IOC	421(64.4%, 53 ± 16)	25
Carlson et al. 1993	Prospective cohort	Multicentric (2) in USA	LC	Routine IOC	164	-	BDI, retained stone rate	A inst: 9–28 months, B inst: 16–31 months
				Selective IOC	155	21
Guerra-Filho et al. 2007	Prospective cohort	Single centre in Brazil	LC	Routine IOC	127(73.2%, 48.8)	-	Success rate of IOC	N/A
				Selective IOC	127(74%, 47.9)	71
Nickkholgh et al. 2006	Retrospective cohort	Single centre in Iran	LC	Routine IOC	1133		BDI, retained stone rate, success rate of IOC	N/A
				Selective IOC	800	159
Pham et al. 2016	Retrospective cohort	Multicentric (2) in China	LC	Routine IOC	246 (81%, 40, range: 33–57)		Retained stone rate, readmission rate, operation time	30-day
				Selective IOC	274 (76%, 44, range: 31–53)	15
Ragulin-Coyne et al. 2013	Retrospective cohort	Multicentric (NIS) in USA	Cholecystectomy	Routine IOC	13,025 (66.9%, 53.5)	-	BDI, LOHS	N/A
				Selective IOC	98,790 (66%, 52.5)	N/A
Snow et al. 2001	Retrospective cohort	Multicentric (4) in USA	LC	Routine IOC	1522	-	BDI, retained stone rate, success rate of IOC	11 year
				Selective IOC	487	139

IOC intraoperative cholangiography,LC laparoscopic cholecystectomy, BDI bile duct injury, LOHS length of hospital stay