Table 3.
Diagnostic Performance of Clinic, Home, and Kiosk BP Monitoring Compared to Mean Daytime ABPM*,†
| Clinic | Home | Kiosk | |
|---|---|---|---|
| N=142 | N=152 | N=140 | |
| Reference test (ABPM) positive for hypertension, %‡ | 72.5 | 70.4 | 72.1 |
| Sensitivity, % (95% CI) | 31.1 (22.9, 40.6) | 82.2 (73.8, 88.4) | 96.0 (90.0, 98.5) |
| Specificity, % (95% CI) | 79.5 (64.0, 89.4) | 53.3 (38.9, 67.2) | 28.2 (16.4, 44.1) |
| Positive predictive value, % (95% CI) | 80.0 (64.8, 89.7) | 80.7 (72.2, 87.1) | 77.6 (69.5, 84.1) |
| Negative predictive value, % (95% CI) | 30.4 (22.3, 40.0) | 55.8 (40.9, 69.8) | 73.3 (46.7, 89.6) |
| Positive likelihood ratio (95% CI) | 1.51 (0.77, 2.99) | 1.76 (1.27, 2.44) | 1.34 (1.09, 1.63) |
| Negative likelihood ratio (95% CI) | 0.87 (0.71, 1.07) | 0.33 (0.20, 0.54) | 0.14 (0.05, 0.41) |
| True positive (hypertension), n (%) | 32 (22.5) | 88 (57.9) | 97 (69.3) |
| True negative (normotensive), n (%) | 31 (21.8) | 24 (15.8) | 11 (7.9) |
| False positive, n (%) | 8 (5.6) | 21 (13.8) | 28 (20.0) |
| False negative (missed hypertension), n (%) | 71 (50.0) | 19 (12.5) | 4 (2.9) |
| Correctly classified, % | 44.4 | 73.7 | 77.1 |
*Among individuals who had ≥1 diagnostic (clinic, home, kiosk) measurement, and ≥14 daytime ABPM measurements.
†Diagnostic thresholds were ≥140 mmHg systolic and/or ≥90 mmHg diastolic for clinic and ≥135 and/or ≥85 mmHg for home, kiosk, and ABPM
‡Prevalence of hypertension based on ABPM was 71.7% across all groups combined
Abbreviations: BP, blood pressure; ABPM, ambulatory BP monitoring; CI, confidence interval; mmHg, millimeter of mercury