Table 1.

Impact of chemicals on an SSC niche injury.

Chemical	SSC Toxicity	Sertoli cell toxicity	Leydig cell toxicity	Peritubular macrophage toxicity	Peritubular myoid cell toxicity	Reversible/irreversible damage	References
Cisplatin	yes	no data	yes	no data	no data	Reversible	[85]
Doxorubicin	yes	yes	yes	no data	no data	Reversible	[81,86,87]
Cyclophosphamide	yes	–	–	no data	no data	Irreversible in combination (CHOP)	[81,88]
Chlorambucil	yes	–	yes	no data	no data	Reversible	[88,89]
Melphalan	yes	–	–	no data	no data	Reversible	[89,90]
Ifosfamide	yes	–	–	no data	no data	Reversible	[91]
Carmustine	yes	–	yes	no data	no data	Irreversible in combination (BEAM)	[92]
Busulfan	yes	yes	yes	no data	yes	Reversible	[59,93,94]
Cytarabine	yes	no data	–	no data	no data	no data	[80]
Vinblastine	yes	yes	no data	no data	no data	Reversible	[81,82]
Vincristine	yes	no data	yes	no data	no data	Irreversible in combination (BEACOPP)	[83]
Etoposide	yes	no data	no data	no data	no data	no data	[84]

Abbreviations: CHOP: combination of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin hydrochloride (hydroxydaunorubicin), vincristine sulfate, and prednisone; BEAM: combination of carmustine, etoposide, cytarabine, and melphalan; BEACOPP: combination of bleomycin sulfate, etoposide phosphate, doxorubicin hydrochloride, cyclophosphamide, vincristine sulfate, procarbazine hydrochloride, and prednisone.