Table 2.

Comparison of the change in body fat and hemodynamic parameters after exercise.

	Comparison Among Different Groups
	HIIT	MICT	P	η2	HIIT	CON	P	η2	MICT	CON	P	η2
Visceral Fat Indices Measurement and Calculation
LAP	29.83 ± 2.84	25.59 ± 3.10	0.33	0.03	32.10 ± 4.27	55.18 ± 7.22	0.01	0.24	23.23 ± 4.82	51.46 ± 7.58	0.01	0.32
VAI	1.10 ± 0.09	1.03 ± 0.10	0.63	0.01	1.17 ± 0.12	1.84 ± 0.19	0.01	0.28	1.00 ± 0.13	1.79 ± 0.20	0.00	0.33
Carotid Hemodynamic Parameters
BV (m/s)	0.29 ± 0.10	0.27 ± 0.10	0.30	0.03	0.29 ± 0.01	0.22 ± 0.02	0.00	0.30	0.26 ± 0.01	0.20 ± 0.02	0.00	0.28
AD (cm)	0.61 ± 0.02	0.63 ± 0.02	0.26	0.03	0.62 ± 0.02	0.68 ± 0.02	0.08	0.11	0.63 ± 0.02	0.66 ± 0.03	0.34	0.03
BP (kPa)	12.57 ± 0.23	12.98 ± 0.22	0.23	0.04	12.85 ± 0.21	12.90 ± 0.32	0.89	0.00	12.73 ± 0.23	12.56 ± 0.35	0.69	0.01
WSS (Pa)	0.71 ± 0.03	0.63 ± 0.04	0.10	0.07	0.71 ± 0.04	0.51 ± 0.06	0.01	0.23	0.60 ± 0.03	0.47 ± 0.04	0.01	0.23
FR	3.84 ± 0.23	3.87 ± 0.22	0.94	0.00	3.87 ± 0.17	3.53 ± 0.25	0.29	0.05	3.79 ± 0.24	3.40 ± 0.35	0.37	0.03
OSI	0.08 ± 0.01	0.13 ± 0.01	0.00	0.24	0.09 ± 0.01	0.13 ± 0.01	0.01	0.24	0.09 ± 0.01	0.07 ± 0.01	0.19	0.07
EM (kPa)	46.40 ± 3.22	46.48 ± 3.13	0.99	0.00	48.38 ± 2.79	54.44 ± 4.18	0.24	0.05	46.21 ± 3.86	52.07 ± 6.12	0.44	0.02
AS	3.24 ± 0.24	3.57 ± 0.23	0.33	0.03	3.30 ± 0.20	4.14 ± 0.31	0.03	0.18	3.56 ± 0.29	4.10 ± 0.47	0.35	0.04
DR (Pa·s·m−1)	0.82 ± 0.06	0.82 ± 0.06	0.93	0.00	0.83 ± 0.06	0.99 ± 0.09	0.11	0.10	0.83 ± 0.06	1.03 ± 0.10	0.09	0.10
Rq (Pa·s ·m−3)	23.84 ± 1.46	23.79 ± 1.50	0.98	0.00	24.09 ± 1.34	27.19 ± 2.08	0.24	0.05	24.45 ± 1.69	28.10 ± 2.49	0.24	0.05
CS	0.13 ± 0.007	0.12 ± 0.006	0.12	0.07	0.13 ± 0.01	0.11 ± 0.01	0.15	0.09	0.12 ± 0.01	0.11 ± 0.01	0.89	0.01
PI	1.84 ± 0.06	1.91 ± 0.06	0.44	0.02	1.87 ± 0.07	1.99 ± 0.11	0.33	0.04	1.90 ± 0.06	1.97 ± 0.11	0.56	0.01

Note: One-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to compare the change of different groups on the lipid accumulation index and carotid hemodynamic parameters. The data in Table 2 were adjusted value based on baseline level as covariable; outcome variables are shown as the means ± standard deviations. Statistical significance was set at an alpha level of 95% (p < 0.05) for all statistical measures. Partial η² value for effect size.

LAP: lipid accumulation product, VAI: visceral adiposity index, BV: blood velocity, AD: artery diameter, BP: blood pressure, WSS: wall shear stress, FR: flow rate, OSI: oscillatory shear index, EM: elasticity modulus, AS: arterial stiffness, DR: dynamic resistance, Rq: peripheral resistance, CS: circumferential strain, PI: pulsatility index.