Table 3.
Barriers for pain management at emergency department of all referral hospitals, May1-May 30, 2021(N = 153).
| Statements | Participants response |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean ± SD | Never 0% |
Seldom <25% |
Sometime 25–50% |
Often 50–75% |
Routine >75% |
|
| Emergency department overcrowding | 3.24 ± 0.9 | 2(1.3) | 8(5.2) | 17(11.1) | 50(32.7) | 76(49.7) |
| Lack of pain assessment protocols | 2.5 ± 1.15 | 19(12.4) | 19(12.4) | 50(32.7) | 50(32.7) | 15(9.8) |
| Nursing workload in emergency department | 3.16 ± 1.03 | 3(2) | 12(7.8) | 17(11.1) | 47(30.7) | 74(48.4) |
| Strict regulation of opioids | 2 ± 0.9 | 13(8.5) | 20(13.1) | 76(49.7) | 41(26.8) | 3(2) |
| Insufficient availability of analgesic | 2.1 ± 1 | 14(9.2) | 22(14.4) | 67(43.8) | 39(25.5) | 11(7.2) |
| Lack of pain management protocol | 2.1 ± 1.1 | 17(11.1) | 21(13.7) | 61(39.9) | 44(28.8) | 10(6.5) |
| Fear of opioids addiction | 1.9 ± 0.95 | 9(5.9) | 34(22.2) | 71(46.4) | 29(19) | 10(6.5) |
| Poor documentation of pain assessment and management | 1.84 ± 0.94 | 11(7.2) | 42(27.5) | 67(43.8) | 26(17) | 7(4.6) |
| Patient unable to communicate (unconscious patient) | 1.87 ± 1 | 17(11.1) | 34(22.2) | 60(39.2) | 36(23.5) | 6(3.9) |
| Poor communication of professionals for pain management | 1.8 ± 0.95 | 15(9.8) | 41(26.8) | 59(38.6) | 36(23.5) | 2(1.3) |
| Insufficient analgesia dosage prescribed | 1.6 ± 1.1 | 30(19.6) | 35(22.9) | 52(34) | 32(20.9) | 4(2.6) |
| Lack of familiarity with assessment tools | 1.8 ± 1 | 20(13.1) | 31(20.3) | 66(43.1) | 32(20.9) | 4(2.6) |
| Patient instability(unstable hemodynamic) | 2.1 ± 1 | 11(7.2) | 30(19.6) | 59(38.6) | 42(27.5) | 11(7.2) |
| Inadequate knowledge on pain management | 1.8 ± 1 | 18(11.8) | 40(26.1) | 61(39.9) | 27(17.6) | 7(4.6) |
| Sedation interfering with pain management | 1.9 ± 1.1 | 20(13.1) | 37(24.2) | 53(34.6) | 30(19.6) | 13(8.5) |
| Low priority given for pain management by emergency team | 1.8 ± 1.1 | 24(15.7) | 38(24.8) | 54(35.3) | 26(17) | 11(7.2) |
| Patient/family refusal for analgesics | 1.8 ± 1.2 | 28(18.3) | 33(21.6) | 37(24.2) | 45(29.4) | 10(6.5) |
| Language barriers | 1.59 ± 1.1 | 33(21.6) | 31(20.3) | 58(37.9) | 28(18.3) | 3(2) |
| Lack of designated area for documentation | 1.25 ± 1.1 | 48(31.4) | 48(31.4) | 31(20.3) | 23(15) | 3(2) |
| Lack of protocols/guidelines for pain assessment | 2.14 ± 1.1 | 20(13.1) | 23(15) | 38(24.8) | 60(39.2) | 12(7.8) |