Table 2. Association Between Perioperative Gabapentin Use and In-Hospital Adverse Clinical Events After Major Surgery Before and After Propensity Score Matching.
| Outcome | Before propensity score matching | After propensity score matchinga | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gabapentin use, No. (%) (n = 119 087) | No gabapentin use, No. (%) (n = 848 460) | RR (95% CI) | RD, per 100 persons (95% CI) | Gabapentin use, No. (%) (n = 118 936) | No gabapentin use, No. (%) (n = 118 936) | RR (95% CI) | RD, per 100 persons (95% CI) | |
| Delirium diagnosis | 4051 (3.4) | 34 342 (4.0) | 0.84 (0.81 to 0.87) | –0.6 (–0.8 to –0.5) | 4040 (3.4) | 3148 (2.6) | 1.28 (1.23 to 1.34) | 0.75 (0.61 to 0.89) |
| New antipsychotic use | 945 (0.8) | 9877 (1.2) | 0.68 (0.64 to 0.73) | –0.4 (–0.4 to –0.3) | 944 (0.8) | 805 (0.7) | 1.17 (1.07 to 1.29) | 0.12 (0.05 to 0.19) |
| Pneumonia | 1522 (1.3) | 19 902 (2.3) | 0.54 (0.52 to 0.57) | –1.1 (–1.1 to –1.0) | 1521 (1.3) | 1368 (1.2) | 1.11 (1.03 to 1.20) | 0.13 (0.04 to 0.22) |
| In-hospital death | 363 (0.3) | 6360 (0.7) | 0.41 (0.37 to 0.45) | –0.4 (–0.5 to –0.4) | 362 (0.3) | 354 (0.2) | 1.02 (0.88 to 1.18) | 0.00 (–0.04 to 0.05) |
Abbreviations: RD, risk difference; RR, risk ratio.
a
The propensity score model included demographic information, insurance type, admission characteristics, surgery type, combined comorbidity score, comorbidities, inpatient medication use and procedures before or on postoperative day 2, hospital-level characteristics, geographic region, and calendar year.