Table 1.
Characteristics of study participants
| Characteristic | N | Data |
|---|---|---|
| Age, mean ± SD (year) | 1330 | 6.4 ± 0.4 |
| Sex, female, n (%) | 1330 | 576 (43.3%) |
| Height, mean ± SD (cm) | 1330 | 118.5 ± 5.7 |
| Paternal age at birth, mean ± SD (year) | 1330 | 34.7 ± 5.3 |
| Maternal age at birth, mean ± SD (year) | 1330 | 32.2 ± 4.1 |
| Prematurity, n (%) | 1330 | 204 (15.3%) |
| Birth weight, mean ± SD (gm) | 1330 | 2,999.2 ± 615.6 |
| Cesarean delivery, n (%) | 1330 | 473 (35.6%) |
| Birth order, n (%) | 1329 | |
| First | 742 (55.8%) | |
| Second | 475 (35.8%) | |
| Third or later | 112 (8.4%) | |
| Physician-diagnosed asthma | 1323 | 305 (23.1) |
| Parental university education, n (%) | 1330 | 1,164 (87.5%) |
| Parental allergic diseases, n (%) | 1324 | 932 (70.4%) |
| Prenatal exposure to ETS, n (%) | 1300 | 541 (41.6%) |
| Breastfeeding, n (%) | 1328 | 611 (46.0%) |
| Household income per year, n (%) | 1321 | |
| < 300,000 NTD | 42 (3.2%) | |
| 300,000-600,000 NTD | 216 (16.4%) | |
| 600,000-900,000 NTD | 290 (22.0%) | |
| 900,000–1,200,000 NTD | 353 (26.7%) | |
| > 1,200,000 NTD | 420 (31.8%) | |
| Lung function, mean ± SD | 1322 | |
| FVC (mL) | 1192.4 ± 236.5 | |
| FEV1 (mL) | 1091.7 ± 216.4 | |
| FEV1/FVC ratio (%) | 91.7 ± 6.3 | |
| FEF75 (mL/s) | 848.2 ± 268.7 | |
| PEF (mL/s) | 2070.5 ± 620.7 | |
| FeNO (ppb), mean ± SD | 1275 | 32.2 ± 4.1 |
n number, SD standard deviation SD, ETS environmental tobacco smoke, NTD New Taiwan Dollar, FVC forced vital capacity FEV1 forced expiratory volume in 1 s, FEF75 forced expiratory flow at 75% of FVC, PEF peak expiratory flow, ppb parts per billion