Skip to main content
. 2022 Sep 20;2022(9):CD015395. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD015395.pub2

Risk of bias for analysis 1.4 Worsening of clinical status: admission to hospital or death at 28 days (subgroup analysis based on ethnicity).

Study Bias
Randomisation process Deviations from intended interventions Missing outcome data Measurement of the outcome Selection of the reported results Overall
Authors' judgement Support for judgement Authors' judgement Support for judgement Authors' judgement Support for judgement Authors' judgement Support for judgement Authors' judgement Support for judgement Authors' judgement Support for judgement
Subgroup 1.4.1 White
EPIC‐HR 2021 Low risk of bias Centralized web‐based randomization. There are no baseline differences that would suggest a problem with randomization. Some concerns Both participants and those delivering the intervention were not aware of intervention received. The analysis was not appropriate (a per‐protocol analysis was used). Low risk of bias Data for this outcome were reported for all participants of the mITT1 population. Low risk of bias Measurement of the outcome was appropriate. Outcome assessors were not aware of the intervention received. Low risk of bias The protocol was prospectively registered and the outcome was reported as registered. Some concerns Due to per‐protocol analysis (mITT1). 
Subgroup 1.4.2 Black/African American
EPIC‐HR 2021 Low risk of bias Centralized web‐based randomization. There are no baseline differences that would suggest a problem with randomization. Some concerns Both participants and those delivering the intervention were not aware of intervention received. The analysis was not appropriate (a per‐protocol analysis was used). Low risk of bias Data for this outcome were reported for all participants of the mITT1 population. Low risk of bias Measurement of the outcome was appropriate. Outcome assessors were not aware of the intervention received. Low risk of bias The protocol was prospectively registered and the outcome was reported as registered. Some concerns Due to per‐protocol analysis (mITT1). 
Subgroup 1.4.3 Asian
EPIC‐HR 2021 Low risk of bias Centralized web‐based randomization. There are no baseline differences that would suggest a problem with randomization. Some concerns Both participants and those delivering the intervention were not aware of intervention received. The analysis was not appropriate (a per‐protocol analysis was used). Low risk of bias Data for this outcome were reported for all participants of the mITT1 population. Low risk of bias Measurement of the outcome was appropriate. Outcome assessors were not aware of the intervention received. Low risk of bias The protocol was prospectively registered and the outcome was reported as registered. Some concerns Due to per‐protocol analysis (mITT1). 
Subgroup 1.4.4 Other
EPIC‐HR 2021 Low risk of bias Centralized web‐based randomization. There are no baseline differences that would suggest a problem with randomization. Some concerns Both participants and those delivering the intervention were not aware of intervention received. The analysis was not appropriate (a per‐protocol analysis was used). Low risk of bias Data for this outcome were reported for all participants of the mITT1 population. Low risk of bias Measurement of the outcome was appropriate. Outcome assessors were not aware of the intervention received. Low risk of bias The protocol was prospectively registered and the outcome was reported as registered. Some concerns Due to per‐protocol analysis (mITT1).