Table 5. Pesticide exposure and bronchitis or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in adults.

First author [ref.]	Bronchitis definition	Exposure metric	Co-exposures	OR (95% CI)
Beard [15]	Self-reported bronchitis	Board of Tick Control (NSW, Australia) records estimating type of chemical and duration of exposure estimates	Agricultural environment, cattle	1.32 (0.87–2.01)
Chakraborty [17]	Self-reported bronchitis with >50% cholinesterase inhibition	Split into regular sprayers (at least 1 h per day, 5 days per month for 5 years) or occasional sprayers	Agricultural environment	4.1 (2.2–6.3)
Chakraborty [17]	COPD using GOLD method and >50% cholinesterase inhibition	Split into regular sprayers (at least an hour per day, 5 days per month for 5 years) or occasional sprayers	Agricultural environment	1.59 (1.32–2.28)
Faria [18]	Self-reported chronic respiratory disease	Apply pesticides >2 days per month versus no exposure	Agricultural environment, cattle, birds, horses	1.05 (0.74–1.51)
Hoppin [14]	Doctor-diagnosed bronchitis	High pesticide exposure event	Agriculture environment	1.85 (1.51–2.25)
Schenker [20]	Self-reported bronchitis	Paraquat exposure using a cumulative paraquat exposure index	Agricultural environment (banana, coffee and palm oil)	1.30 (0.9–2.0)
Jones [23]	Death certificates	Employment in relevant industry	Unknown	Mortality study, therefore no OR Bronchitis was not reported as a separate outcome

GOLD: Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease.