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The relative ion mass removal of Mg2+/Na+ versus inlet concentration ratio Mg02+/Na0+ in the diluate channel of the spacer-free cell at V = 0.3 V, L = 2 cm, feed Is = 593 mol/m3, cF,CEM = 3210 mol/m3, cF,AEM = 3580 mol/m3, ϕw,CEM = 0.5 Lw/Lsp, and ϕw,AEM = 0.4 Lw/Lsp.
