FIGURE 3.

Asthma therapies that have exhibited disease-modifying potential and their therapeutic targets in the inflammatory cascade. CXCL: C-X-C motif chemokine ligand; CysLT: cysteinyl leukotriene; IFN-γ: interferon gamma; IgE: immunoglobulin E; IL: interleukin; ILC 2: innate lymphoid cells type 2; mAb: monoclonal antibody; MMP: matrix metalloproteinase; NE: neutrophil elastase; PGD₂: prostaglandin D₂; ROS: reactive oxidative stress; TGF-β: transforming growth factor beta; TSLP: thymic stromal lymphopoietin; Th: T-helper cell; T_reg: T-regulatory cell. Adapted from [54].