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. 2019 Sep 4;28(153):190048. doi: 10.1183/16000617.0048-2019

FIGURE 1.

FIGURE 1

Illustration of the factors modifying the healthy and diseased lung microbiome. The arrows illustrate the immigration of bacteria to the lungs and the balanced removal of bacteria by mucociliary clearance and immune clearance. Multiple factors have been described that increase immigration of bacteria and decrease clearance, leading to dysbiosis. The list is not intended to be comprehensive. NTM: nontuberculous mycobacteria.