Table 3.
The use of kinship terms in the context of giving suggestion.
| Age Groups | Listeners | Social Distance | Examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| 11–21 | Older | Close | (3a) Tabék, ajak tapettu rennuangDaéng.Sabarakki |
| ‘Sorry, don't give up older sister/brother. Be patient’ | |||
| Distant | (3b) Taddampengekka marajaDaéngdé upagguruki tapi massélé pikirakki dé na weddikki putus asa | ||
| ‘So sorry, older sister/brother! I don't mean to teach you, but we should share ideas and don't give up!’ | |||
| Coeval | Close | (3c) SabbarakkiSilong, makkua mémennitu iyasengngé attuo-tuongeng. | |
| ‘Be patient, friend! That's life!’ | |||
| Distant | (3d) Tabék sebelumnaSilongkoro makkutu masalata aja tamagatti putus asa atau menyerah... Tajadikangngi yaro masalahta sebagai semangatta sehingga nullékki tahang nakko nakennaki masalah sippada yédé | ||
| ‘Sorry, friend! If that is the problem, don't give up. Turn your problems into reasons for your enthusiasm, so you can survive if you face another problem!’ | |||
| Younger | Close | (3e) Dékma na magagaNdi, engkamak bantuki | |
| ‘It's okay younger sister/brother! I can help you.’ | |||
| Distant | (3f)Ndiaja ta magatti menyerah berusahaki sih | ||
| ‘Younger sister/bother don't give up easily! Keep it up!’ | |||
| 22–43 | Older | Close | (3g) Ajak tapettu rennuDaéng, dégaga masalah dégaga lalenna |
| ‘Don't give up easily older sister/brother! There is always a way out if you have a problem!’ | |||
| Distant | (3h) TabékDaéng, méllau dampekka maraja. Uparingngerangimikik makkeda makurankkanjak i narékko mappakkukik ro | ||
| ‘Sorry older sister/brother, I am sorry. I just want to remind you that it is worse if you do that.’ | |||
| Coeval | Close | (3i) Ajak na mamasussa atitaSappo, insyaAllah madécéng mokiktu matu | |
| ‘Don't feel bad cousin, God willing, everything is going to be fine.’ | |||
| Distant | (3j) Makkomémessa yasengngé linoSilessureng, sabbarak pi najaji | ||
| ‘That's just how it is in the world, sibling! We have to be patient!’ | |||
| Younger | Close | (3k) SabbarakkiNdi | |
| ‘Be patient, younger sister/brother!’ | |||
| Distant | (3l) TabékNdi, dék naweddikki mappakkuro paimeng | ||
| ‘Sorry younger sister/brother, you cannot do it again!’ | |||
| 44–65 | Older | Close | (3m) TasabbarakengiDaéng,engkamo tu matu séua wettu na taruntuk i décéngé |
| ‘You have to be patient, older sister/brother. Someday, you will find what you dream of!’ | |||
| Distant | (3n) TaddampengekkaDaéng,dékro upangajarikik, uparingngerangimi makkeda dék naweddikki makkutu. Maéga tau liwekpa na idik. | ||
| ‘I am sorry, older sister/brother, I don't mean to advise you, I just want to remind you that there are people out there who face worse problems.’ | |||
| Coeval | Close | (3o) Ajak tamasara wéggangNdi | |
| ‘Don't be too sad, younger sister/brother.’ | |||
| Distant | (3p) Sappani laleng madécéngNdiiya pura laloé pakkuaniro engkamotu matu pawalekna | ||
| ‘Find a solution, younger sister/brother. What happened, there will be a reward for this.’ | |||
| Younger | Close | (3q) Parellu tapakanjaki jolok ajak silalona tappa tapasalaiNdi. Iyako parallui tasapparengngi laleng makanja | |
| ‘You need to fix this, younger sister/brother. Better find a way out!’ | |||
| Distant | (3r) SabbarakkiNdi, tapakkuaniro, ajakna tuli tapikiriki Insya Allah madécéng wassélékna. | ||
| ‘Be patient, younger sister/brother. Let it be. Don't overthink about it. God willing, the result will be good!’. |