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. 2022 Jun 1;23(7):1287–1298. doi: 10.1007/s11121-022-01373-5

Table 1.

Characteristics of youth participants (N = 288)

Sample n (%)
Gender/sex
   Male 139 (48)
   Female 148 (52)
Age groupDe, f
   15–19 169 (60)
   20–24 115 (40)
Tribal affiliation
   Tribe 1 190 (66)
   Tribe 2 96 (34)
Residencee
   West End 161 (57)
   East End 123 (43)
School attendanceb, c, d, F
   Student 137 (48)
   Non-student 149 (52)
Educationd, e, f
   < High school 200 (70)
   ≥ High School 84 (30)
Employmentd
   Employed 63 (22)
   Unemployed 115 (41)
   Other 105 (37)
Annual income
   ≤ $2500 136 (49)
   > $2500 140 (51)
Housing overcrowdinga
   ≤ 2 ppb 238 (84)
   > 2 ppb 44 (16)

χ2 significance at p < .05 (caps/bold if p < .001)

ppb people per bedroom

ainhalants

balcohol

cmarijuana

dmethamphetamines

eprescription drugs

fpoly-drugs