Fig. 5.

Aging promotes clonal evolution, and clonal evolution can promote aging. In this feedforward loop, the aged phenotype can promote clonal evolution through several mechanisms including the accumulation of mutations, establishing altered adaptive landscapes, and altering immune function to a more inflammatory phenotype. In turn, clonal evolution can contribute to establishing the aged phenotype, for example, promoting a pro‐inflammatory environment, reducing barrier function and, more generally, leading to tissue dysfunction. [Colour figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com]