Skip to main content
editorial
. 2022 Aug 15;12(4):254–261.

Figure 5.

Figure 5

A comparison of the three types of IV-DV (cause-effect) relationships. The three relationships are portrayed with the differentiated steady state right atrial pressure (RAP) and differentiated steady-state stroke volume (SV), where an independent variable (IV) is in red and dependent variable in blue.