Changes in CKD age-standardized mortality rates (per 100,000 population) for females and males between 1990 and 2019 in 50 countries. The x-axis shows the difference in the male mortality rate between 1990 and 2019, and the y-axis shows the equivalent difference in female mortality rate. In countries that fall above the black diagonal line, changes were less favorable among females than males; the opposite is true for countries that fall below the line. Given that countries are unlikely to fall perfectly on the diagonal, guidelines with a y-intercept ±5 percentage points are also shown. Countries are represented by their ISO Alpha-2 codes: Afghanistan (AF), Algeria (DZ), Angola (AO), Argentina (AR), Bangladesh (BD), Brazil (BR), Canada (CA), China (CN), Colombia (CO), Democratic Republic of the Congo (CD), Egypt (EG), Ethiopia (ET), France (FR), Germany (DE), Ghana (GH), India (IN), Indonesia (ID), Iran (IR), Iraq (IQ), Italy (IT), Japan (JP), Kenya (KE), Malaysia (MY), Mexico (MX), Morocco (MA), Mozambique (MZ), Myanmar (MM), Nepal (NP), Nigeria (NG), Pakistan (PK), Peru (PE), Philippines (PH), Poland (PL), the Republic of Korea (KR), Russia (RU), Saudi Arabia (SA), South Africa (ZA), Spain (ES), Sudan (SD), Tanzania (TZ), Thailand (TH), Turkey (TR), Uganda (UG), Ukraine (UA), United Kingdom (GB), United States (US), Uzbekistan (UZ), Venezuela (VE), Vietnam (VN), and Yemen (YE). CKD, chronic kidney disease; SDI, sociodemographic index.