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. 2022 Sep 21;13:5528. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-33154-7

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 5 — a Calculated temperature increase ΔT after 20 XFEL pulses for the four different dose rates. b Diamonds: Temperature dependence of diffusion coefficients measured by dynamic light scattering (DLS). The dashed black line is a linear fit to the data. Circles: diffusion constants determined via XPCS and minimum initial dose using the pulse frequency and dose rate indicated. The temperature assigned to the XPCS diffusion constants is estimated based on the respective temperature rise shown in a. The base temperature was T₀ = 298 K for all XPCS measurements. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.